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UK to the Continent by Sleeper Train

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zwk500

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If you got a 2100 departure from St P to Brussels, you‘d miss the 2330 sleeper from Brussels by at least half an hour ;)
Agh always struggled to get the clocks right in my head, despite a year living over on 'the other side' as it were. Even so, the point remains that an late afternoon/early evening train from London and change to a night train in Brussels is a very viable plan.
 
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Nunners

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Tbh, at 2h journey time to Brussels a 9pm departure for a 11.30pm sleeper from Brussels would be very reasonable. Key there is to get tickets aligned and robust disruption protocols.
You've forgotten the time zone difference. It would be more like 7pm departure from London for a 10:30-11pm sleeper. Including the check in time and transfer across London, you'd have to arrive at your chosen terminal by 5pm, at which point you couldn't leave after your office job, and it saves much less time.
 

Bald Rick

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Agh always struggled to get the clocks right in my head, despite a year living over on 'the other side' as it were. Even so, the point remains that an late afternoon/early evening train from London and change to a night train in Brussels is a very viable plan.

Indeed so. And quite a few people do it! A good friend does a late Eurostar London - Paris (quick transfer) - sleeper to Ax-les-Thermes, a day skiing, then sleeper back to Paris and early Eurostar back. One day off work!
 

zwk500

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You've forgotten the time zone difference. It would be more like 7pm departure from London for a 10:30-11pm sleeper. Including the check in time and transfer across London, you'd have to arrive at your chosen terminal by 5pm, at which point you couldn't leave after your office job, and it saves much less time.
I've never had a problem with less than an hour's checkin at St Pancras (and that's in Standard), and 3 of the 4 most likely terminals for a London arrival are 10, 5, and 3 minutes walk from St Pancras Ticket Checks. (Paddington is the missing Long-Distance Terminal, which takes a bit longer to get to St P via XR/TL or Circle).
 

MarkyT

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No sleeper would be able to depart from Paris Nord without a massive roundabout through the LGV Interconnexion, making it quite a bit unappealing since you still need to cross-Paris change.
Alternatively, night trains heading south and east might be concentrated at Paris Est station for easy connections from Eurostar (including former Thalys routes from Benelux and N Germany); it's a five-minute walk from Nord. With a new chord from the LGV Est to the Interconnexion near Annet sur Marne, about 17km might be saved over the journey out of Nord.

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It’s complicated enough trying to get the EVC and TVM430 - which are different bits of hardware - to talk. Modifying or replacing the EVC software is another ballpark altogether.
Also the 92s are getting rather long in the tooth now and are a complex, dated design. While I doubt anyone would consider building new locos especially for UK-continent sleepers, a more modern state-of-the-art continental loco hired from a general purpose pool might be used as far as St Pancras, assuming it had all the relevant systems. A pair of modern 4 axle locos would be a good match for a 92. The SNCF BB 22200 locos were operated in pairs on freight between France and Dollands Moor ISTR. That satisfied tunnel safety regs requiring two independent traction systems, each able to get a train out of the tunnel in event of failure of the other. A single 92 met the same requirement by incorporating two complete traction systems onboard within separate compartments of the same bodyshell.
 
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nw1

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A bit of historical interest:

You can see from WTTs from the late 90s evidence that such sleeper trains were planned, though never actually implemented.

Sleepers from Waterloo Int in the May 1999 WTT (section WA) included 'Q' paths out of Waterloo as follows:

0017 Paris Nord (ex Plymouth)
1953 Frankfurt Hbf
2123 and 2223 Amsterdam CS

Imagine boarding your Frankfurt sleeper during the summer months (so the UK part of the journey would be in daylight) and threading your way through South East London and Kent amongst CEPs and VEPs at the start of a journey deep into Continental Europe. Sadly never an experience that actually happened.


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Schengen is the big one, unless you're only going to and from the same locations as Eurostar, you'd need to set up the infrastructure to check passengers before they board and keep them segregated from the domestic railway.
I'm sure it's been answered before, but: is there any reason why all immigration facilities, both UK and Schengen, cannot be done at London (in both directions), incidentally? It would centralise everything and if someone had a problem entering the UK, or was trying to flee the law in France, they could always be put on the next train back to Paris.

I guess the issue is if the train breaks down in, say, the Kent countryside, in theory people could break out of the train (by force) and enter the UK, or leave France, without checks?
 
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signed

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is there any reason why all immigration facilities, both UK and Schengen, cannot be done at London (in both directions), incidentally?
UK rules impose juxtaposed controls AFAIK, and having the controls at the end of the journey make any advantage to travelling by train irrelevant (having border controls at the beginning of the journey is very appealing, which is why quite a few people will purposefuly connect in Dublin for the US Preclearance even though it is quite a roundabout way)
 

zwk500

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I'm sure it's been answered before, but: is there any reason why all immigration facilities, both UK and Schengen, cannot be done at London (in both directions), incidentally? It would centralise everything and if someone had a problem entering the UK, or was trying to flee the law in France, they could always be put on the next train back to Paris.
Politics, essentially. The Disneyland trains used to check on arrival in London AIUI so it can (Cloud) be done, however that was justified on the basis these trains were overwhelmingly British families returning from home and so the risk of a person looking to enter the UK when they shouldn't or claim asylum was minimal.
 

30907

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Alternatively, night trains heading south and east might be concentrated at Paris Est station for easy connections from Eurostar (including former Thalys routes from Benelux and N Germany); it's a five-minute walk from Nord.
An excellent idea, if East can cope, though it would add a bit to journeys south and south-west. Daresay it will displease Parisians who have got used to Austerlitz :)
With a new chord from the LGV Est to the Interconnexion near Annet sur Marne, about 17km might be saved over the journey
Night trains don't use the LGVs so you wouldn't need that - Grande Ceinture to Villeneuve yard gets you onto the PLM and PO which between them serve any likely sleeper destination.
UK rules impose juxtaposed controls AFAIK, and having the controls at the end of the journey make any advantage to travelling by train irrelevant
I don't think STP could cope with a full check - and there's also Tunnel security (which won't go away, much as we might wish), otherwise one could move the Lille shuffle to Ashford or Ebbsfleet :)
 

JamesT

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I'm sure it's been answered before, but: is there any reason why all immigration facilities, both UK and Schengen, cannot be done at London (in both directions), incidentally? It would centralise everything and if someone had a problem entering the UK, or was trying to flee the law in France, they could always be put on the next train back to Paris.

I guess the issue is if the train breaks down in, say, the Kent countryside, in theory people could break out of the train (by force) and enter the UK, or leave France, without checks?
As we've seen from people arriving in the UK in other ways, it's actually quite hard to remove someone once they've entered the UK. e.g. people destroying their documentation so the country that they came from won't accept them either. Juxtaposed border control alleviates those issues.
It is a two-way street, you could argue it would save lots of hassle if the French, Belgians, and Dutch did their immigration control in their countries rather than having EU Border people at St Pancras. But they're probably equally happy that we stop people they don't want leaving the UK.
Yes, someone pulling the cord in Kent and jumping off (not sure any force is required) was one of the concerns that the juxtaposition was put in place for.
 
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I’m stunned by the detailed knowledge on here. Exceptional.


Which Ministry and Ministers oversee our trains? I am minded to collate a letter to the new transport minister, environmental minister, and those charged with developing relations with the EU.

The logic to develop nightly sleeper services to Europe is an easy sell. Reducing carbon, using the railways when they are largely unused and the romance of slower Victorian style travel.

Then outline the technicalities that need solving.

Finally, suggest the government considers making sleeper services to Europe part of the franchises and future plans for UK rail.
 

Bald Rick

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The logic to develop nightly sleeper services to Europe is an easy sell.
It really isn‘t. Who is paying for it? Passengers or taxpayers?



Reducing carbon

I’ve posted before how sleeper trains are remarkably inefficient financially and environmentally, and the carbon saving is marginal on operations, and thats before taking into account the embedded carbon in building the trains compared to, say, an A321neo.



using the railways when they are largely unused

And closed for maintenance.
 
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It really isn‘t. Who is paying for it? Passengers or taxpayers?
Ultimately this links to enabling carbon saving long distance travel. Stating the obvious: these kinds of projects take years to develop and implement. And by then global temperature rises and systems of tracking individuals air travel seem highly likely.


I’ve posted before how sleeper trains are remarkably inefficient financially and environmentally, and the carbon saving is marginal on operations, and thats before taking into account the embedded carbon in building the trains compared to, say, an A321neo.
That is interesting. Air travel has become more efficient with time and investment. Rail would too given time and investment. Still I can’t believe that electrically powered trains (are they mostly?) are as bad for the environment. Throwing out tonnes of fuel into the atmosphere is commonly understood to be hugely damaging.
And closed for maintenance.

And presumably there is a lot of freight moving at night too. But these are not insurmountable.

Globally, there needs to be paradigm shifts for future generations. There will be innovations in air flight, but it’s not imminent. Hydrogen planes maybe the most likely. But as things stand, trains can offer a better way to travel short to medium distances. We have the tech and ability now to board a train before bedtime, tuck yourself into bed and be lulled to sleep by the durum durum of the rails, be brought breakfast to your cabin, and to wake up fresh in the heart of your destination city over 1000 miles away.

Why wouldn’t we invest in and develop this mode of travel?
 
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It doesn't. Travelling on day trains does because they are more efficient use of the energy required.

That’s a very sure statement you make. What is it based upon?

You are saying that flying is more carbon efficient than taking a sleeper train. Unless you back it up with some cogent evidence I simply don’t believe you.
 

HSTEd

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That is interesting. Air travel has become more efficient with time and investment. Rail would too given time and investment. Still I can’t believe that electrically powered trains (are they mostly?) are as bad for the environment. Throwing out tonnes of fuel into the atmosphere is commonly understood to be hugely damaging.
The problem with sleeper trains is the loading gauge makes it very difficult to pack in enough passengers.

A 40 tonne sleeper vehicle might only carry a dozen passengers. A day train vehicle will be five or six times that!
And until decarbonisation is complete using electricity consumes electricity that could be displacing fossil fuels elsewhere in the economy.
 
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The problem with sleeper trains is the loading gauge makes it very difficult to pack in enough passengers.

A 40 tonne sleeper vehicle might only carry a dozen passengers. A day train vehicle will be five or six times that!
And until decarbonisation is complete using electricity consumes electricity that could be displacing fossil fuels elsewhere in the economy.

In this discussion the pertinent comparison is to flying. Displacing carbon used in an aircraft travelling the same journey.
 
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Which can be far more efficiently achieved with a day train carrying 800 passengers than a night train carrying 400.

There is absolutely no doubt about that. I don’t believe anyone would argue otherwise. It is stating the obvious.

The more interesting question is how the train carrying 400 compares to flying.
 

JamesT

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There is absolutely no doubt about that. I don’t believe anyone would argue otherwise. It is stating the obvious.

The more interesting question is how the train carrying 400 compares to flying.
In previous threads regarding the Caledonian Sleeper, it was calculated that flying used less carbon per passenger for London to Inverness or Aberdeen. Though that does involve a diesel locomotive for part of the journey.
 
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In previous threads regarding the Caledonian Sleeper, it was calculated that flying used less carbon per passenger for London to Inverness or Aberdeen. Though that does involve a diesel locomotive for part of the journey.

The advances in airplane engines is astounding (cars too). How they sip fuel is truly brilliant. Yet ultimately an electrified train has to trump a plane every time modern technology being equal.

For example, if flying on an older plane. Or indeed a smaller plane which such services to Scotland often are, the efficiency will also be reduced.

Maybe hydrogen tech or paradigm leaps in batter tech will overtake and put flying back ahead. But at the moment, right now, we must embrace train travel and make it better for consumers. Being able to travel overnight actually gives trains an advantage imo. Disembarking right in the city centre.
 

coppercapped

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The advances in airplane engines is astounding (cars too). How they sip fuel is truly brilliant. Yet ultimately an electrified train has to trump a plane every time modern technology being equal.
Does it? And why?

Think about the costs of maintaining the infrastructure. As a rule of thumb one can expect rail to have a life of some 20 years before it needs replacing. On the pair of fast line tracks (Down and Up) between Kings Cross and Edinburgh there are roughly 1,500 miles of rail. This means that some 75 miles needs to be replaced every year — that's over 7,000 tonnes.

Sleepers, fittings and ballast also need cleaning or replacing and all 400 miles of route has to be maintained to millimetre accuracy.

As 'carbon footprint' has replaced 'pounds sterling' as the unit of comparison, how much carbon does all that take?
For example, if flying on an older plane. Or indeed a smaller plane which such services to Scotland often are, the efficiency will also be reduced.

Maybe hydrogen tech or paradigm leaps in batter tech will overtake and put flying back ahead. But at the moment, right now, we must embrace train travel and make it better for consumers. Being able to travel overnight actually gives trains an advantage imo. Disembarking right in the city centre.
This is the trap into which railway enthusiasts always fall. Not everybody lives or works close to a central railway station, in fact most people don't.
 

SynthD

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And by then global temperature rises and systems of tracking individuals air travel seem highly likely.
The government already knows exactly which plane you've ever crossed the border on, which is nearly all of them for all of us. The carriers and data brokers could also do this.
Rail would too given time and investment.
But Stevenson came before the Wright brothers, so I'm not sure what you mean here.

Run an advertising campaign pointing out how many sleepers leave from Paris/Brussels, and promise an overnight hotel and first class ticket in the day if the Eurostar fails to meet the sleeper. In the fine print point out the St P departure times.
 

Irascible

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Maybe hydrogen tech or paradigm leaps in batter tech will overtake and put flying back ahead. But at the moment, right now, we must embrace train travel and make it better for consumers. Being able to travel overnight actually gives trains an advantage imo

Hydrogen by itself won't go anywhere for most aeroplane operations ( specifically aeroplane rather than aircraft, some nut might make airships viable again ). What's happening right now - if rather slowly - is sustainable fuels for aircraft, which have the side-effect of much reducing contrails by being less ( or even not ) sooty which alone eliminates something like 50% of global warming effects from aircraft in one go. You can mix SAF in with fossil kerosene in varying amounts ( given it's synthetic kerosene anyway ) so it's a solution available now that can ramp up. As with all sustainable fuels, CO2 emissions is a non-issue given it was captured from the atmosphere at the start.

One of the sources for the process is hydrogen ( optionally ) - unfortunately producing green hydrogen by electrolysis uses an absolutely absurd amount of electricity.

Sleeper or not makes no difference to me, not living in reasonable range of London - if I want a train abroad it's just accepted it's going to be a lengthy journey. There's never going to be any demand for one from my area ( tbh anyone here going somewhere that distance is just going to fly no matter what ).
 

Bald Rick

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And presumably there is a lot of freight moving at night too.

Not on the high speed lines, and not in Kent on the lines from London to Kent on any lines!


Yet ultimately an electrified train has to trump a plane every time modern technology being equal.

How is the electricity generated? (answer: in this country and France, on average largely from low carbon sources. In Germany and Italy however ….)
 

zwk500

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Being able to travel overnight actually gives trains an advantage imo.
Being able to travel overnight is only an advantage if people want to travel overnight. That's not as large a market as people who prefer to sleep in a nicer bed.
Disembarking right in the city centre.
Not all stations are particularly central, tbh.
 

AlbertBeale

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Hydrogen by itself won't go anywhere for most aeroplane operations ( specifically aeroplane rather than aircraft, some nut might make airships viable again ). What's happening right now - if rather slowly - is sustainable fuels for aircraft, which have the side-effect of much reducing contrails by being less ( or even not ) sooty which alone eliminates something like 50% of global warming effects from aircraft in one go. You can mix SAF in with fossil kerosene in varying amounts ( given it's synthetic kerosene anyway ) so it's a solution available now that can ramp up. As with all sustainable fuels, CO2 emissions is a non-issue given it was captured from the atmosphere at the start.

One of the sources for the process is hydrogen ( optionally ) - unfortunately producing green hydrogen by electrolysis uses an absolutely absurd amount of electricity.

Sleeper or not makes no difference to me, not living in reasonable range of London - if I want a train abroad it's just accepted it's going to be a lengthy journey. There's never going to be any demand for one from my area ( tbh anyone here going somewhere that distance is just going to fly no matter what ).

Not "anyone" - there are loads of people who never fly within Europe on principle. Because "no matter what" is something rather disastrous.
 

Irascible

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Not "anyone" - there are loads of people who never fly within Europe on principle. Because "no matter what" is something rather disastrous.

"Anyone here" was specifically referring to where I am. Some of us will take a ( probably involving a stay somewhere ) train journey just for the journey - and I think I'd not be going near the tunnel but go over by ferry so I didn't have to go to London anyway - but most people are going to fly so their holiday is not half travel.
 
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