• Our new ticketing site is now live! Using either this or the original site (both powered by TrainSplit) helps support the running of the forum with every ticket purchase! Find out more and ask any questions/give us feedback in this thread!

Rail usage

Snow1964

Established Member
Joined
7 Oct 2019
Messages
11,218
Location
West Wiltshire
The standout statistic is that revenue decreased by 1% (after adjustment for inflation). Whilst that was entirely predictable given the fare freeze, it will no doubt set a few hares running in the industry and government.
What we can't tell is if that was Gross revenue, or net revenue after subtracting refunds for hot weather cancellations and delay repay refunds, and suspensions due to accidents.

Could be that revenue actually went up, but the inability to fully operate the service caused a big reduction due to rebates and refunds. It's not clear from data presentation.
 
Sponsor Post - registered members do not see these adverts; click here to register, or click here to log in
R

RailUK Forums

Magdalia

Established Member
Joined
1 Jan 2022
Messages
7,414
Location
The Fens
London Overground 313m 309m 98.83%
Greater Anglia 995m 977m 98.26%
Greater Thameslink 2398m 2361m 90.11%
South Eastern 1168m 984m 84.24%
South Western 1497m 1257m 83.97%
Chiltern 415m 319m 76.86%
C2C 306m 232m 75.93%




Few things stand out :
1) many of the newly nationalised operators are near the bottom
In these the key factor isn't ownership, it is London commuting.
 

NCT

Established Member
Joined
18 Apr 2025
Messages
2,310
Location
London
3) The operators with some new Trains, Anglia, SWR, Avanti are towards the bottom, but northern with old trains near the top (something wrong with replacement priorities here)

Anglia is in profit but Northern is in heavy subsidy. A starved camel is still bigger than a growing horse. In pure economic terms investing in a starved camel still gives greater bang for your buck than investing in a horse.
 

The exile

Established Member
Joined
31 Mar 2010
Messages
9,455
Location
Somerset
Anglia is in profit but Northern is in heavy subsidy. A starved camel is still bigger than a growing horse. In pure economic terms investing in a starved camel still gives greater bang for your buck than investing in a horse.
Haven’t you got that the wrong way round?
 

Bald Rick

Veteran Member
Joined
28 Sep 2010
Messages
35,939
Whilst that was entirely predictable given the fare freeze, it will no doubt set a few hares running in the industry and government.

Those hares were set running a long time ago. The industry gets revenue data much earlier (almost real time).
 

ScotGG

Established Member
Joined
3 Apr 2013
Messages
1,588
In these the key factor isn't ownership, it is London commuting.
Bit more nuanced than that. LO is near back to 100 per cent as it didn't take an axe to services. Nat Rail services like SWR did.

It'd be handier to see difference between SWR, SE and Southerns metro routes and TfL modes. There's also the Liz line factor.
 

London Trains

Established Member
Joined
9 Oct 2017
Messages
1,237
Bit more nuanced than that. LO is near back to 100 per cent as it didn't take an axe to services. Nat Rail services like SWR did.

It'd be handier to see difference between SWR, SE and Southerns metro routes and TfL modes. There's also the Liz line factor.
Absolutely, when comparing passenger figures to pre-Covid, the service levels being provided should also be compared. Its no different to the way that the Elizabeth Line is excluded from a lot of data because Paddington to Abbey Wood wasn't open before Covid.
 

Adrian1980uk

Member
Joined
24 May 2016
Messages
843
Bit more nuanced than that. LO is near back to 100 per cent as it didn't take an axe to services. Nat Rail services like SWR did.

It'd be handier to see difference between SWR, SE and Southerns metro routes and TfL modes. There's also the Liz line factor.
Agreed but we also have to remember with every year that passes it becomes less relevant as we are in a very different world now.
 

Nicholas Lewis

Established Member
Joined
9 Aug 2019
Messages
8,040
Location
Surrey
Latest quarterly usage covering April - June 2026 have been published by ORR


2% higher than same quarter previous year

Figure 1.1 has passenger journeys by operator, top is +16% vs 2025, lowest (London Overground -6%)

Not so much data, but page 7 has references to various ORR data tables,

Per table 1233 Passenger kilometers (my preferred version as it ignores split ticket effect that number of journeys can sometimes muddle) comparing to Apr-June 2019 (last year pre-covid)

Sorted by % growth over 7 years (2019 to 2026)

Operator - 2019 - 2026 - Percent of 2019
Elizabeth line 164m 670m 407.94%
Hull Trains 66m 98m 148.46%
Grand Central 100m 124m 123.17%
Transport for Wales 314m 360m 114.56%
London North Eastern 1562m 1754m 112.28%
Merseyrail 140m 151m 108.08%
Northern 700m 751m 107.26%
East Midlands 595m 629m 105.71%
Great Western 1573m 1652m 105.06%
Cross Country 970m 1011m 104.21%
West Midlands 752m 773m 102.79%
TransPennine Express 534m 544m 101.88%
London Overground 313m 309m 98.83%
Scotrail 729m 719m 98.53%
Greater Anglia 995m 977m 98.26%
Avanti West Coast 1939m 1759m 90.69%
Greater Thameslink 2398m 2361m 90.11%
South Eastern 1168m 984m 84.24%
South Western 1497m 1257m 83.97%
Heathrow Express 41m 32m 78.80%
Caledonian Sleeper 61m 48m 78.48%
Chiltern 415m 319m 76.86%
C2C 306m 232m 75.93%
Lumo n/a 194m -

Overall Total 17,334m 17,509m 101.01%

Few things stand out :
1) many of the newly nationalised operators are near the bottom,
2) the crazy variation in sizes From GTR 2361m passenger km to the low 32m Km of Heathrow Express
3) The operators with some new Trains, Anglia, SWR, Avanti are towards the bottom, but northern with old trains near the top (something wrong with replacement priorities here)
So despite Cross Countrys mediocre performance it still manages to put on a decent showing along with Avanti.

Then you have SE with a planned timetable uplift in December yet showing mediocre growth vs other operators with good growth rates but arent allowed extra stock or increased frequency.

Finally will GBR provide such clarity or will all tyhis be quietly retired in favour of an annual report.
 

Peterthegreat

Established Member
Joined
22 Feb 2021
Messages
1,802
Location
South Yorkshire
So despite Cross Countrys mediocre performance it still manages to put on a decent showing along with Avanti.

Then you have SE with a planned timetable uplift in December yet showing mediocre growth vs other operators with good growth rates but arent allowed extra stock or increased frequency.

Finally will GBR provide such clarity or will all tyhis be quietly retired in favour of an annual report.
And LNER has seen a decrease in the number of passengers!
 

Stephen42

Member
Joined
6 Aug 2020
Messages
809
Location
London
So despite Cross Countrys mediocre performance it still manages to put on a decent showing along with Avanti.

Then you have SE with a planned timetable uplift in December yet showing mediocre growth vs other operators with good growth rates but arent allowed extra stock or increased frequency.

Finally will GBR provide such clarity or will all tyhis be quietly retired in favour of an annual report.
These figures are very high level and trends impact operators differently, plus there will be a lot of sub operator and time factors that influence the numbers. The heatwave end of June was more intense down south and many London offices will have relaxed their work in office policies for those dates.

London area off peak uplifts are to promote extra use rather than lack of capacity on existing trains. If it wouldn't cause growth the uplift on Southeastern wouldn't be happening. They aren't getting extra stock, only running more of it during off peak periods. Operators also need to be in a position to reliably run uplifts, operators heavily relying on rest day working won't get approvals to up it even further. Great Northern are doing a smaller scale off peak uplift in December as well.

Stock wise the most recent announcements are for operators higher up the table, TPE and Northern with stock for LNER in build plus rumours of Cross Country taking on more. Financials again are a big factor, the intention to lease an extra Class 156 unit for Northern is funded by North East Mayoral Strategic Authority not DfTO.
And LNER has seen a decrease in the number of passengers!
Interestingly while number of passengers has decreased, passenger km increased by 2.2% and is the largest passenger km figure they've had in a single quarter.
 

Peterthegreat

Established Member
Joined
22 Feb 2021
Messages
1,802
Location
South Yorkshire
These figures are very high level and trends impact operators differently, plus there will be a lot of sub operator and time factors that influence the numbers. The heatwave end of June was more intense down south and many London offices will have relaxed their work in office policies for those dates.

London area off peak uplifts are to promote extra use rather than lack of capacity on existing trains. If it wouldn't cause growth the uplift on Southeastern wouldn't be happening. They aren't getting extra stock, only running more of it during off peak periods. Operators also need to be in a position to reliably run uplifts, operators heavily relying on rest day working won't get approvals to up it even further. Great Northern are doing a smaller scale off peak uplift in December as well.

Stock wise the most recent announcements are for operators higher up the table, TPE and Northern with stock for LNER in build plus rumours of Cross Country taking on more. Financials again are a big factor, the intention to lease an extra Class 156 unit for Northern is funded by North East Mayoral Strategic Authority not DfTO.

Interestingly while number of passengers has decreased, passenger km increased by 2.2% and is the largest passenger km figure they've had in a single quarter.
May be the timetable change has moved some short distance passengers to other operators (eg London to Stevenage)
 

Kite159

Veteran Member
Joined
27 Jan 2014
Messages
22,841
Location
West of Andover
Interestingly while number of passengers has decreased, passenger km increased by 2.2% and is the largest passenger km figure they've had in a single quarter
Which suggests less split tickets, especially with the hourly fast Edinburgh only calling at York & Newcastle, reducing the ability to split at somewhere random like Darlington.
 

Snow1964

Established Member
Joined
7 Oct 2019
Messages
11,218
Location
West Wiltshire
Which suggests less split tickets, especially with the hourly fast Edinburgh only calling at York & Newcastle, reducing the ability to split at somewhere random like Darlington.
Actually can divide the figures in the tables, 1223, 1233 etc and get average distance travelled. (passenger km divided by passenger numbers). And can do it by operator too. I did a sample and change in average distance varies by operator.

Can also use ORR tables 1243, 1253 for train km, and individual carriage km, and again dividing them gives average train length, which can be done by operator too.

Can also divide the passenger km by vehicle km to get average number of occupants. If they are using same rolling stock, shows if they are cramming more in. (Some operators have changed stock with different seating capacities, but many still using mainly same fleet they were few years ago)

Whilst one year change is sort of interesting, I much prefer to compare to 2019 (pre-covid), then start to see a realistic view of who has recovered

If I use my local operator (GWR) as an example, passenger km is 105% of pre-covid, by vehicle km hasn't kept up. So probably more crowding or overcrowding. Actually compared to 2019 on GWR, IET turbo fleet basically unchanged, but lost some 387, 158, and lost remaining HSTs, and only really gained a single 230 (which doesn't work everyday) and around 0-2 175s in service.

Even if subtract the withdrawn vehicles, and pretend all the 175s are in service (which they aren't) then soon becomes obvious that the fleet size doesn't match the 5% gain in passenger km in 7 years. Of course that opens the question of what is plan to adjust fleet to change in passenger km, but that is for a speculative thread.
 

Nicholas Lewis

Established Member
Joined
9 Aug 2019
Messages
8,040
Location
Surrey
Actually can divide the figures in the tables, 1223, 1233 etc and get average distance travelled. (passenger km divided by passenger numbers). And can do it by operator too. I did a sample and change in average distance varies by operator.

Can also use ORR tables 1243, 1253 for train km, and individual carriage km, and again dividing them gives average train length, which can be done by operator too.

Can also divide the passenger km by vehicle km to get average number of occupants. If they are using same rolling stock, shows if they are cramming more in. (Some operators have changed stock with different seating capacities, but many still using mainly same fleet they were few years ago)

Whilst one year change is sort of interesting, I much prefer to compare to 2019 (pre-covid), then start to see a realistic view of who has recovered

If I use my local operator (GWR) as an example, passenger km is 105% of pre-covid, by vehicle km hasn't kept up. So probably more crowding or overcrowding. Actually compared to 2019 on GWR, IET turbo fleet basically unchanged, but lost some 387, 158, and lost remaining HSTs, and only really gained a single 230 (which doesn't work everyday) and around 0-2 175s in service.

Even if subtract the withdrawn vehicles, and pretend all the 175s are in service (which they aren't) then soon becomes obvious that the fleet size doesn't match the 5% gain in passenger km in 7 years. Of course that opens the question of what is plan to adjust fleet to change in passenger km, but that is for a speculative thread.
There isnt a measure though of how utilised timetabled capacity is. I know ORR give a top 10 of loaded trains and i guess each operator has a reasonable idea of loadings so each operator can adjust capacity within available rolling stock allocation.
 

London Trains

Established Member
Joined
9 Oct 2017
Messages
1,237
Sorted by % growth over 7 years (2019 to 2026)

Operator - 2019 - 2026 - Percent of 2019
Elizabeth line 164m 670m 407.94%
Hull Trains 66m 98m 148.46%
Grand Central 100m 124m 123.17%
Transport for Wales 314m 360m 114.56%
London North Eastern 1562m 1754m 112.28%
Merseyrail 140m 151m 108.08%
Northern 700m 751m 107.26%
East Midlands 595m 629m 105.71%
Great Western 1573m 1652m 105.06%
Cross Country 970m 1011m 104.21%
West Midlands 752m 773m 102.79%
TransPennine Express 534m 544m 101.88%
London Overground 313m 309m 98.83%
Scotrail 729m 719m 98.53%
Greater Anglia 995m 977m 98.26%
Avanti West Coast 1939m 1759m 90.69%
Greater Thameslink 2398m 2361m 90.11%
South Eastern 1168m 984m 84.24%
South Western 1497m 1257m 83.97%
Heathrow Express 41m 32m 78.80%
Caledonian Sleeper 61m 48m 78.48%
Chiltern 415m 319m 76.86%
C2C 306m 232m 75.93%
Lumo n/a 194m -
I thought it would be worth comparing these numbers with the change in kilometres operated in the same timeframe.

Change in vehicle kilometres operated between 2019 and 2026 by operator:

Operator / 2019 km operated / 2026 km operated / 2026 km as a percentage of 2019 km

Elizabeth Line 1.143m 3.055m 267.3%
LNER 6.067m 7.317m 120.6%
TfW 6.128m 6.903m 112.6%
London Overground 2.613m 2.889m 110.5%
Grand Central 0.648m 0.708m 109.3%
GWR 11.339m 12.054m 106.3%
Hull Trains 0.398m 0.423m 106.3%
EMR 5.779m 6.059m 104.8%
Heathrow Express 0.355m 0.361m 101.7%
Merseyrail 1.640m 1.626m 99.1%
Caledonian Sleeper 0.372m 0.367m 98.7%
Greater Anglia 7.345m 7.148m 97.3%
Northern 14.288m 13.767m 96.4%
Transpennine Express 5.401m 5.171m 95.7%
Scotrail 12.472m 11.880m 95.3%
Avanti West Coast 8.692m 8.195m 94.3%
C2C 1.808m 1.689m 93.4%
Southeastern 9.003m 8.316m 92.4%
West Midlands Trains 6.845m 6.143m 89.7%
GTR 17.348m 15.148m 87.3%
SWR 10.102m 8.776m 86.9%
Crosscountry 8.390m 6.860m 81.8%
Chiltern Railways 3.243m 2.503m 77.2%

And the comparison between the change in passenger usage and the change in kilometres operated:

Elizabeth Line 152.6%
Hull Trains 139.7%
Crosscountry 127.4%
West Midlands Trains 114.6%
Grand Central 112.7%
Northern 111.3%
Merseyrail 109.1%
TPE 106.5%
Scotrail 103.4%
GTR 103.2%
TfW 101.7%
Greater Anglia 101.0%
EMR 100.9%
Chiltern Railways 99.6%
GWR 98.9%
SWR 96.6%
Avanti West Coast 96.2%
LNER 93.1%
Southeastern 91.2%
London Overground 89.4%
C2C 81.3%
Caledonian Sleeper 79.5%
Heathrow Express 77.5%

The general consensus is that usage has stayed consistent with service levels, i.e. operators that have cut services post-Covid have seen similar drops in usage (which is why it is unreasonable to expect these operators to reach 100% of pre-Covid passenger figures without the service cuts being reversed), and operators who have increased services have seen similar increases in usage. The notable exception to this trend is Crosscountry, which has seen an increase in passenger numbers despite significant service cuts.
 

3RDGEN

Member
Joined
6 Mar 2023
Messages
648
Location
Hull
Actually can divide the figures in the tables, 1223, 1233 etc and get average distance travelled. (passenger km divided by passenger numbers). And can do it by operator too. I did a sample and change in average distance varies by operator.

Can also use ORR tables 1243, 1253 for train km, and individual carriage km, and again dividing them gives average train length, which can be done by operator too.

Can also divide the passenger km by vehicle km to get average number of occupants. If they are using same rolling stock, shows if they are cramming more in. (Some operators have changed stock with different seating capacities, but many still using mainly same fleet they were few years ago)

Whilst one year change is sort of interesting, I much prefer to compare to 2019 (pre-covid), then start to see a realistic view of who has recovered

If I use my local operator (GWR) as an example, passenger km is 105% of pre-covid, by vehicle km hasn't kept up. So probably more crowding or overcrowding. Actually compared to 2019 on GWR, IET turbo fleet basically unchanged, but lost some 387, 158, and lost remaining HSTs, and only really gained a single 230 (which doesn't work everyday) and around 0-2 175s in service.

Even if subtract the withdrawn vehicles, and pretend all the 175s are in service (which they aren't) then soon becomes obvious that the fleet size doesn't match the 5% gain in passenger km in 7 years. Of course that opens the question of what is plan to adjust fleet to change in passenger km, but that is for a speculative thread.
GWR total passenger numbers are still at 95% of 2019 Q1 figures so why would they need more trains? Your also assuming the trains were all full in 2019 which is clearly not the case and that GWR, or any operator, is aiming to avoid any standing/overcrowding which their not. GWR may yet get some exTfW 158's but beyond that there's no tender out for GWR stock unless they pick up on the back of the Northern tender.
 

Adrian1980uk

Member
Joined
24 May 2016
Messages
843
I thought it would be worth comparing these numbers with the change in kilometres operated in the same timeframe.

Change in vehicle kilometres operated between 2019 and 2026 by operator:

Operator / 2019 km operated / 2026 km operated / 2026 km as a percentage of 2019 km

Elizabeth Line 1.143m 3.055m 267.3%
LNER 6.067m 7.317m 120.6%
TfW 6.128m 6.903m 112.6%
London Overground 2.613m 2.889m 110.5%
Grand Central 0.648m 0.708m 109.3%
GWR 11.339m 12.054m 106.3%
Hull Trains 0.398m 0.423m 106.3%
EMR 5.779m 6.059m 104.8%
Heathrow Express 0.355m 0.361m 101.7%
Merseyrail 1.640m 1.626m 99.1%
Caledonian Sleeper 0.372m 0.367m 98.7%
Greater Anglia 7.345m 7.148m 97.3%
Northern 14.288m 13.767m 96.4%
Transpennine Express 5.401m 5.171m 95.7%
Scotrail 12.472m 11.880m 95.3%
Avanti West Coast 8.692m 8.195m 94.3%
C2C 1.808m 1.689m 93.4%
Southeastern 9.003m 8.316m 92.4%
West Midlands Trains 6.845m 6.143m 89.7%
GTR 17.348m 15.148m 87.3%
SWR 10.102m 8.776m 86.9%
Crosscountry 8.390m 6.860m 81.8%
Chiltern Railways 3.243m 2.503m 77.2%

And the comparison between the change in passenger usage and the change in kilometres operated:

Elizabeth Line 152.6%
Hull Trains 139.7%
Crosscountry 127.4%
West Midlands Trains 114.6%
Grand Central 112.7%
Northern 111.3%
Merseyrail 109.1%
TPE 106.5%
Scotrail 103.4%
GTR 103.2%
TfW 101.7%
Greater Anglia 101.0%
EMR 100.9%
Chiltern Railways 99.6%
GWR 98.9%
SWR 96.6%
Avanti West Coast 96.2%
LNER 93.1%
Southeastern 91.2%
London Overground 89.4%
C2C 81.3%
Caledonian Sleeper 79.5%
Heathrow Express 77.5%

The general consensus is that usage has stayed consistent with service levels, i.e. operators that have cut services post-Covid have seen similar drops in usage (which is why it is unreasonable to expect these operators to reach 100% of pre-Covid passenger figures without the service cuts being reversed), and operators who have increased services have seen similar increases in usage. The notable exception to this trend is Crosscountry, which has seen an increase in passenger numbers despite significant service cuts.
While I totally agree, the argument of cause and effect as to which way round it is, less services=less passengers Vs less passengers= less services. My only issue has been since COVID before nationalisation the incentive to increase passengers hasn't been there and even since nationalisation there isn't the same incentive as before COVID.
 

Magdalia

Established Member
Joined
1 Jan 2022
Messages
7,414
Location
The Fens
operators that have cut services post-Covid have seen similar drops in usage (which is why it is unreasonable to expect these operators to reach 100% of pre-Covid passenger figures without the service cuts being reversed)
It is the other way around. Operators are not reversing the service cuts because passenger numbers are not returning to pre Covid levels. That particularly applies to London commuting.
 

London Trains

Established Member
Joined
9 Oct 2017
Messages
1,237
While I totally agree, the argument of cause and effect as to which way round it is, less services=less passengers Vs less passengers= less services. My only issue has been since COVID before nationalisation the incentive to increase passengers hasn't been there and even since nationalisation there isn't the same incentive as before COVID.
Most of the cuts were made between 2020-2022, i.e. during the lockdowns or just as life was beginning to return to "normal", so the cuts were made before there was really much evidence of a permanent reduction in passenger numbers.

The fact that most operators running similar service levels to pre-Covid levels have also seen passenger numbers return to pre-Covid levels, and the fact that leisure journeys are increasing and most the cuts made were to off-peak services, signals that restoring pre-Covid service levels would lead to passenger numbers increasing, but the only way it can be known for certain is to restore those service levels and actually see whether passenger numbers return to pre-Covid levels - most of the evidence says that they will though.

== Doublepost prevention - post automatically merged: ==

It is the other way around. Operators are not reversing the service cuts because passenger numbers are not returning to pre Covid levels. That particularly applies to London commuting.
As I mentioned above, most of the cuts were made before passenger numbers had a chance to return to normal. In most cases, passenger numbers are not suddenly going to return to pre-Covid levels whilst service levels are much lower, as evidenced by the data I posted earlier.

You also throw around this "London commuting" comment, but most of the cuts made were to off-peak services, and leisure journeys are increasing, so there doesn't seem to be any logic there.
 
Last edited:

Bald Rick

Veteran Member
Joined
28 Sep 2010
Messages
35,939
Most of the cuts were made between 2020-2022, i.e. during the lockdowns or just as life was beginning to return to "normal", so the cuts were made before there was really much evidence of a permanent reduction in passenger numbers.

The fact that most operators running similar service levels to pre-Covid levels have also seen passenger numbers return to pre-Covid levels, and the fact that leisure journeys are increasing and most the cuts made were to off-peak services, signals that restoring pre-Covid service levels would lead to passenger numbers increasing, but the only way it can be known for certain is to restore those service levels and actually see whether passenger numbers return to pre-Covid levels - most of the evidence says that they will though.

== Doublepost prevention - post automatically merged: ==


As I mentioned above, most of the cuts were made before passenger numbers had a chance to return to normal. In most cases, passenger numbers are not suddenly going to return to pre-Covid levels whilst service levels are much lower, as evidenced by the data I posted earlier.

You also throw around this "London commuting" comment, but most of the cuts made were to off-peak services, and leisure journeys are increasing, so there doesn't seem to be any logic there.


This isn’t how it happened.

The service reductions were all made during the first two lockdowns. It took a little while for the demand patterns to settle down and for the reductions in demand to be understood. Operators and their funders know in fine detail where their demand is, by time / day, service group, market segment, and even by train. The more permanent service reductions were, usually, simply non-reinstatement of services removed during covid, and these decisions were based on what the emerging demand patterns were. This included historical knowledge of demand in fine detail, but also what had changed, and what potential future changes to demand might come given local demand development.

There is also extensive modelling of passenger demand to show what changes to service will do to passenger numbers (and revenue) and these models are updated regularly.

What operators have done is to introduce servcies where demand is expected, but also to more closely match capacity to demand.
 

Nicholas Lewis

Established Member
Joined
9 Aug 2019
Messages
8,040
Location
Surrey
I thought it would be worth comparing these numbers with the change in kilometres operated in the same timeframe.

Change in vehicle kilometres operated between 2019 and 2026 by operator:

Operator / 2019 km operated / 2026 km operated / 2026 km as a percentage of 2019 km

Elizabeth Line 1.143m 3.055m 267.3%
LNER 6.067m 7.317m 120.6%
TfW 6.128m 6.903m 112.6%
London Overground 2.613m 2.889m 110.5%
Grand Central 0.648m 0.708m 109.3%
GWR 11.339m 12.054m 106.3%
Hull Trains 0.398m 0.423m 106.3%
EMR 5.779m 6.059m 104.8%
Heathrow Express 0.355m 0.361m 101.7%
Merseyrail 1.640m 1.626m 99.1%
Caledonian Sleeper 0.372m 0.367m 98.7%
Greater Anglia 7.345m 7.148m 97.3%
Northern 14.288m 13.767m 96.4%
Transpennine Express 5.401m 5.171m 95.7%
Scotrail 12.472m 11.880m 95.3%
Avanti West Coast 8.692m 8.195m 94.3%
C2C 1.808m 1.689m 93.4%
Southeastern 9.003m 8.316m 92.4%
West Midlands Trains 6.845m 6.143m 89.7%
GTR 17.348m 15.148m 87.3%
SWR 10.102m 8.776m 86.9%
Crosscountry 8.390m 6.860m 81.8%
Chiltern Railways 3.243m 2.503m 77.2%

And the comparison between the change in passenger usage and the change in kilometres operated:

Elizabeth Line 152.6%
Hull Trains 139.7%
Crosscountry 127.4%
West Midlands Trains 114.6%
Grand Central 112.7%
Northern 111.3%
Merseyrail 109.1%
TPE 106.5%
Scotrail 103.4%
GTR 103.2%
TfW 101.7%
Greater Anglia 101.0%
EMR 100.9%
Chiltern Railways 99.6%
GWR 98.9%
SWR 96.6%
Avanti West Coast 96.2%
LNER 93.1%
Southeastern 91.2%
London Overground 89.4%
C2C 81.3%
Caledonian Sleeper 79.5%
Heathrow Express 77.5%

The general consensus is that usage has stayed consistent with service levels, i.e. operators that have cut services post-Covid have seen similar drops in usage (which is why it is unreasonable to expect these operators to reach 100% of pre-Covid passenger figures without the service cuts being reversed), and operators who have increased services have seen similar increases in usage. The notable exception to this trend is Crosscountry, which has seen an increase in passenger numbers despite significant service cuts.
C2C would appear to be the operator that still has too much capacity vs its post covid demand. Although another test would be some sort of measure that assess seat capacity say vs passenger demand to to see well utilised the stock is. Or is it that its still a classic pre covid commuting operating with high peak usage.
 

London Trains

Established Member
Joined
9 Oct 2017
Messages
1,237
This isn’t how it happened.

The service reductions were all made during the first two lockdowns. It took a little while for the demand patterns to settle down and for the reductions in demand to be understood. Operators and their funders know in fine detail where their demand is, by time / day, service group, market segment, and even by train. The more permanent service reductions were, usually, simply non-reinstatement of services removed during covid, and these decisions were based on what the emerging demand patterns were. This included historical knowledge of demand in fine detail, but also what had changed, and what potential future changes to demand might come given local demand development.

There is also extensive modelling of passenger demand to show what changes to service will do to passenger numbers (and revenue) and these models are updated regularly.

What operators have done is to introduce servcies where demand is expected, but also to more closely match capacity to demand.
Many of the service reductions made during the lockdowns were completely different to the permanent reductions subsequently made.

The point about the permanent reductions being based on "emerging demand patterns" is basically the same as what I said, that the changes were partially based on what was happening in 2021/2022, when life was only just beginning to return to normal and demand hadn't even had a chance to properly recover.

I do agree that there are some pre-Covid services which don't need restoring because of changes in demand (equally there are places where services need to be improved well above pre-Covid levels) but some of the reductions do need to be reversed.
 
Last edited:

Bald Rick

Veteran Member
Joined
28 Sep 2010
Messages
35,939
Many of the service reductions made during the lockdowns were completely different to the permanent reductions subsequently made.

Some were, yes, whihc is why I wrote “It took a little while for the demand patterns to settle down and for the reductions in demand to be understood.”

By “a little while” I meant 3-4 years. We also had a long running dispute affecting demand patterns too.

The point about the permanent reductions being based on "emerging demand patterns" is basically the same as what I said, that the changes were partially based on what was happening in 2021/2022, when life was only just beginning to return to normal and demand hadn't even had a chance to properly recover.

No, they were based on emerging demand patterns between 2021 and now, including demand patterns that are still emerging and will continue to emerge.

The important thing is that the service specification provided is following the demand, not vice versa. Naturally the railway doesn’t get it 100% right. But then it never did.
 

Starmill

Veteran Member
Joined
18 May 2012
Messages
27,327
Location
Bolton
The important thing is that the service specification provided is following the demand, not vice versa.
To be fair my reading of @London Trains post was exactly this, that this is the wrong way around. High-quality, high-performing services inevitably work the other way around. Of course we don't have those things really so we simply make do. It's the British way.
 

Bald Rick

Veteran Member
Joined
28 Sep 2010
Messages
35,939
To be fair my reading of @London Trains post was exactly this, that this is the wrong way around. High-quality, high-performing services inevitably work the other way around. Of course we don't have those things really so we simply make do. It's the British way.

I’m not sure I follow. Every transport system is predicated on current or predicted demand. Thats what the railway is doing.
 

Top