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Forthcoming changes to National Rail Conditions of Travel

AdamWW

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Another supposed consumer journalist is over the moon at the change

But the rule changes finally bring Britain into line with the railways of other countries, where refunds are not routinely available once a ticket is valid for use.

Can I now look forwards to a rule change finally bringing us into line with the railways of other countries where refunds are routinely available on advance purchase tickets before they are valid for use?

Or maybe we could bring our refund rules for flexible tickets into line with Germany and bring back refunds on and after the day of travel but increase the refund window to 6 months?
 
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Tetchytyke

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Another supposed consumer journalist is over the moon at the change
Simon Calder has always been a bit of a whopper. Unless he's kicking BA he just says what the industry tell him to say. He's forever acting as Ryanair's very own Comical Ali.

The railways have supposedly invested in AI and other monitoring to detect fraudulent and suspicious claims. Surely the person who makes three refund claims a week would be exactly the sort of thing the railway easily detect using this new fancy software?
 

ainsworth74

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Can I now look forwards to a rule change finally bringing us into line with the railways of other countries where refunds are routinely available on advance purchase tickets before they are valid for use?

Or maybe we could bring our refund rules for flexible tickets into line with Germany and bring back refunds on and after the day of travel but increase the refund window to 6 months?

Thanks I needed a good laugh :lol: ;)
 

andy33gmail

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First blood. The Uber app glitched and resulted in me purchasing two train tickets for the same journey today 1 minute apart - specifically because it told me the transaction failed & showed the old balance when it had gone through. Customer service seemed to give the impression they could get it refunded, I wonder whether they'll be able to recover the cost
 

Bletchleyite

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First blood. The Uber app glitched and resulted in me purchasing two train tickets for the same journey today 1 minute apart - specifically because it told me the transaction failed & showed the old balance when it had gone through. Customer service seemed to give the impression they could get it refunded, I wonder whether they'll be able to recover the cost

Do Uber not offer a grace period, now limited by the rules to 15 minutes, specifically designed for this sort of situation (or stuff like having just bought for the wrong day)? The better retailers (yes, including the one with the sheep, but also the Forum's/Trainsplit/Raileasy) do.
 

andy33gmail

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Do Uber not offer a grace period, now limited by the rules to 15 minutes, specifically designed for this sort of situation (or stuff like having just bought for the wrong day)? The better retailers (yes, including the one with the sheep, but also the Forum's/Trainsplit/Raileasy) do.
Wasn’t possible in the interface, not could the agent I phoned (well within that window)

They advised which order number to use and seemed confident they could get the other refunded - and was very careful to ensure I didn’t scan the wrong one
 

hawk1911

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I have now submitted a formal complaint to National Rail on the basis that the forthcoming changes to refunds discriminate against disabled people, by putting them at a substantial disadvantage in comparison with persons who are not disabled, and are, therefore, in breach of the Equalities Act 2010 and, in particular, Section 19 of the Act.

A copy of my complaint has also gone to my MP, with a request that it is raised with the relevant Minister.
Well it's taken a while, but I finally have an answer. My MP took up the issue with the Secretary of State for Transport, Heidi Alexander, and today I received a response from the Minister of State for Rail, Peter, Lord Hendy of Richmond Hill that was sent back to my MP.

The key paragraphs state:
"Your constituent raises an important point, which is that there are occasions where disabled people, who may need to book train tickets in advance to ensure that they secure a seat and any other assistance that may be required, will be unable to travel on the day because of their disability.

The Government is clear that the railway must be accessible and fair for all passengers, including those with accessibility needs. This is why the Government expects train operators to ensure that disabled passengers are treated fairly in these circumstances. Where a passenger is unable to travel or needs to cancel their journey because of disability-related circumstances, they should not be disadvantaged by the changes to the refund policy and a refund should be provided
."
 
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35B

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Well it's taken a while, but I finally have an answer. My MP took up the issue with the Secretary of State for Transport, Heidi Alexander, and today I received a response from the Minister of State for Rail, Peter, Lord Hendy of Richmond Hill that was sent back to my MP.

The key paragraphs state:

"Your constituent raises an important point, which is that there are occasions where disabled people, who may need to book train tickets in advance to ensure that they secure a seat and any other assistance that may be required, will be unable to travel on the day because of their disability.

The Government is clear that the railway must be accessible and fair for all passengers, including those with accessibility needs. This is why the Government expects train operators to ensure that disabled passengers are treated fairly in these circumstances. Where a passenger is unable to travel or needs to cancel their journey because of disability-related circumstances, they should not be disadvantaged by the changes to the refund policy and a refund should be provided
."
Lovely weasel words, exempting them from any real responsibility when that doesn't happen
 

redreni

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I'm flabbergasted - am I missing something or has Lord Hendy provided a response that isn't completely useless?

I mean, it would be nice if the rules made it clear that passengers who need to cancel their journey due to disability-related circumstances are entitled to a refund, as opposed to being reliant on the retailer's goodwill. That way everybody would know and could book with confidence, not just @hawk1911 (and now, thanks to him, readers of this forum). A right to a refund that passengers don't know about is no good if they decide not to book.

It would be even nicer if Lord Hendy and his officials realised refunds are dealt with by retailers not operators. Perhaps that's expecting too much?

It would be difficult for any retailer to apply its discretion around refunds otherwise than in accordance with Lord Henry's letter, though, which strikes me as a good thing.

Retailers *do have* enough discretion to make good on Lord Hendy's promise, don't they?
 

35B

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I'm flabbergasted - am I missing something or has Lord Hendy provided a response that isn't completely useless?

I mean, it would be nice if the rules made it clear that passengers who need to cancel their journey due to disability-related circumstances are entitled to a refund, as opposed to being reliant on the retailer's goodwill. That way everybody would know and could book with confidence, not just @hawk1911 (and now, thanks to him, readers of this forum). A right to a refund that passengers don't know about is no good if they decide not to book.

It would be even nicer if Lord Hendy and his officials realised refunds are dealt with by retailers not operators. Perhaps that's expecting too much?

It would be difficult for any retailer to apply its discretion around refunds otherwise than in accordance with Lord Henry's letter, though, which strikes me as a good thing.

Retailers *do have* enough discretion to make good on Lord Hendy's promise, don't they?
Taking your glass half full approach, they will still need to go through trial by ordeal to obtain that discount, escalating and probably having to find and quote that letter. And still there will be "customer service" staff at some operators who will go "but that doesn't apply to use".

I stand by my view, it's impossibly weak civil service flannel - there is no commitment there, just a statement of intent
 

hawk1911

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Taking your glass half full approach, they will still need to go through trial by ordeal to obtain that discount, escalating and probably having to find and quote that letter. And still there will be "customer service" staff at some operators who will go "but that doesn't apply to use".

I stand by my view, it's impossibly weak civil service flannel - there is no commitment there, just a statement of intent
The letter does go on to say that if I have any problems "the Rail Ombudsman should be able to help", but I do agree that there may be a bit of 'trial by ordeal' in that the letter may have to be forwarded a few/many times before the message gets through. I'd like to think that this will also be picked up in future revisions of the National Rail Conditions of Travel but, I suspect, that is probably wishful thinking.

Nevertheless, I do now have something that should definitely help, as until now only South Western Railway had given any firm commitment to a refund, stating in their email back to me that "we have taken steps to ensure that customers with disabilities or long-term illnesses will continue to be eligible for a refund when they do not travel because of “on-the-day” issues such as a sudden worsening of their health, vital support not being available, or travelling conditions becoming unsuitable".
 

35B

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The letter does go on to say that if I have any problems "the Rail Ombudsman should be able to help", but I do agree that there may be a bit of 'trial by ordeal' in that the letter may have to be forwarded a few/many times before the message gets through. I'd like to think that this will also be picked up in future revisions of the National Rail Conditions of Travel but, I suspect, that is probably wishful thinking.

Nevertheless, I do now have something that should definitely help, as until now only South Western Railway had given any firm commitment to a refund, stating in their email back to me that "we have taken steps to ensure that customers with disabilities or long-term illnesses will continue to be eligible for a refund when they do not travel because of “on-the-day” issues such as a sudden worsening of their health, vital support not being available, or travelling conditions becoming unsuitable".
"Should" is one of the weasel words I picked up on - it conveys no obligation whatsoever
 

Adam Williams

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Retailers *do have* enough discretion to make good on Lord Hendy's promise, don't they?
DfT have confirmed that they do in a draft model Equality Impact Assessment. I think the challenge will be ensuring that front-line teams are suitably briefed and confident on the matter and don't just default to a "Computer says no" approach when they encounter anything slightly off the beaten path (and to be fair, I do get where this comes from to a small degree - the refund audit process incentivises following rules pretty closely because discretion needs to be justified/argued for in some cases - it's not good enough though, and a retailer offering decent customer support should do consistently better).

It shouldn't be this way, but passengers with a disability may need to be assertive and explicitly cite the guidance and/or the letter from Hendy when applying for a refund to get the right outcome.

In its EIA, the Department also affirms that it will still give retailers and train operators the ability to use their judgement in all cases to ensure that where it was outside of the passengers control that they could not meet the updated NRCoT or the retailer feels they can do so they have the option to use their discretion.

Retailers should have processes which make applicants aware that their protected characteristic or medical condition could influence the outcome of their claim

Retailers implement policies that only require detailed evidence of customer’s status when absolutely necessary (e.g. multiple claims have been received from a customer)

Forum ticketing & TrainSplit customers will be sign-posted to make an appeal (and have been since 1st April 2026) under these circumstances.

572473963-5e39ab9d-5ac6-46e0-b72c-f144b9d58ef9.png

I'd like to think that this will also be picked up in future revisions of the National Rail Conditions of Travel but, I suspect, that is probably wishful thinking.
It is suboptimal this is all (from the passenger's perspective) mostly unwritten. This could have been avoided if more thought had been applied to the change.

The letter does go on to say that if I have any problems "the Rail Ombudsman should be able to help"
Ah yes, in the same way that a chocolate teapot can help me make a brew?
 
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alistairlees

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I have to say this is a real problem for me for members of my family and the new refund terms since 1st April have been a significant retrograde step when planning trips now. Genuinely I actually travel less now because of this (I mean it affects travelling companions and planning for them, adversely).
 

redreni

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If this does become policy I forsee some uncomfortable arguments about what counts as cancelling 'because of your disability'.
Yes, this is why it's much better to do the policy work first and make sure the rules you're implementing don't discriminate unlawfully, rather than implement a discriminatory rule change and then do an impact assessment which concludes you need to make a load of exceptions to the rule you've just created.

This was, by all accounts, driven by senior figures, who wanted to implement this even more quickly and even more recklessly than they ended up doing; it was only because the retailers literally couldn't implement the software updates required to make it work on the original timeline that bought us an extra few months. Time which they might have spent equality proofing their plans before announcing them, but no.

The trouble with having a rule with an unpublished and vague disability exception that can be applied at the retailer's discretion is it disfavours those who are disinclined or unable to get their elbows out, so to speak, and put their case clearly, confidently and assertively. It's also vulnerable to people who want a refund for a reason unconnected to disability to play the system (although personally I'm unconcerned by that as long as the ticket is genuinely unused).
 

Sonic1234

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The trouble with having a rule with an unpublished and vague disability exception that can be applied at the retailer's discretion is it disfavours those who are disinclined or unable to get their elbows out, so to speak, and put their case clearly, confidently and assertively.
Also creates differences in how the rules are applied between retailers and even depending on which agent reads your form/email, not that it isn't uncommon in customer service in different sectors too. It's quite common to hear of people "agent shopping" in different areas (eBay comes up quite a bit on forums), keep sending in your request until you get an agent who understands/is lenient/gives in for an easy life.

It's also vulnerable to people who want a refund for a reason unconnected to disability to play the system (although personally I'm unconcerned by that as long as the ticket is genuinely unused).
What these changes have shown is just how many people are not doing that, and were paying admin fees.

Unless it's an Advance, which have different refund rules anyway, buy at the station when you know you are going to travel. They won't like that increase in TVM/ticket office usage though.
 

Bletchleyite

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Unless it's an Advance, which have different refund rules anyway, buy at the station when you know you are going to travel. They won't like that increase in TVM/ticket office usage though.

You can also buy on your phone on the way to the station which is what I do now. The new BRFares non planner sales site removes the risk of a TOC blocking sales via fake compulsory reservations.
 

blimmo

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Unless it's an Advance, which have different refund rules anyway, buy at the station when you know you are going to travel. They won't like that increase in TVM/ticket office usage though.
Other people have mentioned the need to buy in advance to secure seat reservations etc. (I am aware of the methods for obtaining seat reservations without tickets but they are intentionally obscure) but I would also like to mention the reduced rights this gives you in the event of disruption (since you don't have a contract).
 

johncrossley

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Other people have mentioned the need to buy in advance to secure seat reservations etc. (I am aware of the methods for obtaining seat reservations without tickets but they are intentionally obscure) but I would also like to mention the reduced rights this gives you in the event of disruption (since you don't have a contract).
If you get a seat reservation you have shown intent to travel and in defence in court you can cite the fact that walk up tickets are now (effectively) unavailable until immediately before travel.
 

35B

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If you get a seat reservation you have shown intent to travel and in defence in court you can cite the fact that walk up tickets are now (effectively) unavailable until immediately before travel.
I’m not convinced by that line of reasoning. There is no restriction on my ability to purchase a ticket before the day; the change is in my rights to seek a refund for change of mind on the day. I’d suggest it’s at least arguable that the existence of a reservation would be taken as proof of no intention to enter into a contract until the best possible terms are available.
 

johncrossley

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I’m not convinced by that line of reasoning. There is no restriction on my ability to purchase a ticket before the day; the change is in my rights to seek a refund for change of mind on the day. I’d suggest it’s at least arguable that the existence of a reservation would be taken as proof of no intention to enter into a contract until the best possible terms are available.
If you buy a walk up ticket the previous day or before then you have to get a refund before midnight on the day before travel and then buy again just before travel because of the new rules. So buying the day before or earlier just means unnecessary time getting a refund and buying again. You can tell the court that these unfair regulations mean you have to show intent to travel in another way.

Possibly sending an email to the TOC with your proposed travel times would work just as well as getting a reservation.
 

Kilopylae

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If you get a seat reservation you have shown intent to travel and in defence in court you can cite the fact that walk up tickets are now (effectively) unavailable until immediately before travel.
I don't think intent to travel on the passenger's part creates a contract with the railway. For example, if I board a local train at a station without a ticket machine, say King's Nympton, intending to buy a ticket to Birmingham New Street, but it turns out that the XC line is closed due to a national problem, the guard may refuse to sell me that ticket. In those circumstances, I have no right to request alternative transport from Exeter to Birmingham (unless I then do something else, such as buy the ticket on my phone).
 

Bletchleyite

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If you buy a walk up ticket the previous day or before then you have to get a refund before midnight on the day before travel and then buy again just before travel because of the new rules. So buying the day before or earlier just means unnecessary time getting a refund and buying again.

It also prevents you changing your plans on the day e.g. staying an extra night.

It was pointed out that there were other options that would get rid of much of the fraud - a higher admin fee on the day (and applying it being mandatory - a lot of this was on Trainline which uses a sliding scale of fees for refunds so you always get something back), the ability to change the date (but not refund) but only once being two examples.
 

35B

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If you buy a walk up ticket the previous day or before then you have to get a refund before midnight on the day before travel and then buy again just before travel because of the new rules. So buying the day before or earlier just means unnecessary time getting a refund and buying again. You can tell the court that these unfair regulations mean you have to show intent to travel in another way.

Possibly sending an email to the TOC with your proposed travel times would work just as well as getting a reservation.
I’m confused here - why would I need to refund and replace in this scenario?

I’m completely aligned with those who think this a bad change in conditions, but I really don’t get this instance. And, as my rights on a ticket are contractual, I also don’t see where the contract has been formed to rely upon.
 

Bletchleyite

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I’m confused here - why would I need to refund and replace in this scenario?

If, as the day approached, you thought there was a chance you might want to change your plans on the day, then you would want to refund by 2359 the day before then repurchase if your journey went ahead.

Or use an Advance, as that's now a curious way in which they are more flexible now, as they can be changed on the day of travel.

What's the rule with 70 Minute Flex? Can you change to another day after the 140 minute window has started? This may be a good use case for this fare (if only they were added to the offering instead of replacing Off Peaks).
 

johncrossley

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I’m confused here - why would I need to refund and replace in this scenario?
In case you need to cancel on the day.

I’m completely aligned with those who think this a bad change in conditions, but I really don’t get this instance. And, as my rights on a ticket are contractual, I also don’t see where the contract has been formed to rely upon.
Arguably you don't need a ticket at all to have rights. You can't seriously say that KeyGo, TfL contactless and similar schemes mean you don't have rights before you tap in? That would be laughably unfair and surely a court would be similarly sympathetic.
 

redreni

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Arguably you don't need a ticket at all to have rights. You can't seriously say that KeyGo, TfL contactless and similar schemes mean you don't have rights before you tap in? That would be laughably unfair and surely a court would be similarly sympathetic.
I rather suspect it does mean that in many cases, at least for PAYG, which is one of the reasons (though I concede, not the main reason) why the railway likes it.

If planning to use Oyster, signalling an intention to travel by e.g. having an itinerary through the Forum's site with the "use Oyster or Contactless to cross London" feature enabled, and also funding the card ahead of the date of travel, gives a much better chance of being able to argue a contract has been formed because, while you haven't committed to using the PAYG funds for the journey shown on the itinerary, you have bought the itinerary from an accredited retailer and if you do subsequently use the funds on the Oyster card to make the journey shown on the itinerary, then you would in fact have prepaid for that part of the journey just as much as you prepaid for the parts of the journey covered by your tickets.
 

35B

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In case you need to cancel on the day.
Much as we both hate it, that is a question of choice rather than of necessity - which takes us back to the question of the contract that is formed
Arguably you don't need a ticket at all to have rights. You can't seriously say that KeyGo, TfL contactless and similar schemes mean you don't have rights before you tap in? That would be laughably unfair and surely a court would be similarly sympathetic.
I'm with @redreni - the rights associated with these are limited. But the question here is about the rights associated with disruption, which are rights that remain protected for tickets purchased in advance - unlike those related to cancellation through choice, which are in a different category. Fortunately, so far, the intersection between KeyGo etc. and reservations is very limited, which makes the conversation moot
 

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