At BR in the 1980s-90s, staff who needed to travel regularly often had a personal duty pass, valid for any work-related journey, apart from travel to work at normal home station. I recall admin offices also had anonymous 'bearer' passes available which an employee could book out for an occasional work trip, including medicals, training, etc, but for a simple out-and-back journey, they'd prefer to write out a single-use personal blue edmondson-style card ticket manually.
They were very strict about not using any of these duty passes for residential or leisure purposes, for benefit-in-kind tax calculation, I understand; those senior managers who had go-anywhere personal leather or medallion passes, which were valid for leisure travel, paid dearly in tax for the benefit.
Regular Residential travel was handled separately through privilege seasons. ISTR there was a free mileage threshold, and then you topped up at priv rate if you lived further away. There was no doubt some misuse, but inspectors were good at spotting it, and you risked losing all your privilege travel facilities if caught.
In early RT days, still largely under the same rules, a colleague, returning from a trip away, was travelling into work from a different direction than usual. He was not unreasonably using a dated staff travel box to travel a route not covered by his usual residential season, which was valid that day. Had he shown his season at the impromptu station exit check, no one would have been any the wiser, but he presented the dated travel card instead, and being a familiar face, was immediately reported for using a leisure ticket for residential travel to work. He lost facilities for 12 months for that. His union rep advised him not to fight it.