Things have gone full circle in Cumbernauld. Stagecoach successfully eliminated First’s X4/X5 many years ago and now First are taking Stagecoaches X25/25A!
Cumbernauld is a tough town for a bus company to make a decent margin for several reasons.
A high quality rail service is probably the key reason, with no less than 3 stations for a population of less than 60,000. Two stations, Cumbernauld and Greenfaulds, the later with a large free car park, provide a half hourly service into Glasgow in less than 30 minutes. Croy, on the main Glasgow to Edinburgh line, has a huge free car park, with 4 trains an hour to Glasgow, the slowest one taking just 15 minutes. Recognising Croy is also used by commuters who don’t live in the town. These fast and frequent train services are provided by modern electric trains, where you’re virtually guaranteed a seat on every journey, and are way faster than commuting by bus into Glasgow especially at peak times when traffic can be backed up from the M8 onto the M80, seriously impacting bus time reliability.
Cumbernauld is unusual in being served by the 3 big Scottish bus companies, Stagecoach, First and McGills Bluebird, although they run on separate routes, but they share the M80 corridor into Glasgow, which of course is devoid of passengers, unlike a continuous stop start city route. You might get good loads in the peaks, maybe a decent load (just) one way into Glasgow in the morning but the same bus will be carrying fresh air on the way back. Before the M80 was built, buses went to Glasgow via Stepps, stop start like, but there’s no demand for such a slow service now.
Then there’s a plethora of independents operating local services, some commercial, some tendered. So it’s difficult to get any leverage to spread some of the overhead. Given Stagecoach don’t have any significant presence within Glasgow, I’m not surprised they’ve given up.
Cumbernauld was originally built as a new town in the 1960s, designed around the car, with plenty of segregated junctions, and the bus routes to/from the town centre were “loop” routes with no traditional radiating roads from it’s centre. I always thought this was an added problem for designing effective bus routes within the town. From the 1980s onwards private housing was built on the north side of the town and First tried very hard with their original X3, subsequently replaced by a faster X2 into Glasgow, but people preferred the car or Croy station, and First abandoned that part of the town.
Long story short, the town just doesn’t lend itself well to running a successful bus operation.