On the subject of Advance interchanges, suppose you buy an Advance ticket from Brighton to Leicester. It is simply a matter of changing at St Pancras, either Luton station or Bedford. We all know that. Also assume that you are booked to travel on an EMT service from Luton to Leicester, and FCC before that. Is it permissible to join the EMT service at either St Pancras or Bedford, providing it is the same train?
Can of worms opened!
It depends on how you interpret the rules.
I don't see how it can be invalid to board at St Pancras, as you do not have a reservation to Luton, so are not tied to a train, therefore not forbidden to board there.
But the case for Bedford is dodgy. It could be argued that you are booked from Luton and if you choose to fail to board there due to no reason other than you choosing that, then a harsh interpretation of the rules would see your ticket being invalidated. Would it be enforced? That's a different question and it will depend on all sorts of factors, but possibly not.
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Would this be valid as well? For example, in the same situation, I want to go from Newcastle - Aberdeen, so I have an EC +connections ticket for the xx.05* off Newcastle to Edinburgh. However the xx.15* is direct to Aberdeen. I could change at Edinburgh, but could I change instead at Berwick (which would mean I had a better chance of catching my connection as I wouldn't have to get to a platform miles away?
*Just theoretic times, probably not the same in the timetable.
You won't get a timetable like that, or a booking like that, you'd need to specify some random 'via' point to get that (which wouldn't work on the northern ECML as all stations are timing points), also NCL-EDB is going to be on a reservable EC train on an EC ticket. If it's a direct ticket, it is likely that the ticket will be routed EC Only, rather than EC + Connections. Given that you have effectively missed your first booked train I don't see how it could be valid.
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what if 1st train is late and the one your meant to be changing to has left? can you make your journey on the next service coming in even though this isn't the one your advance ticket says you are meant to be on?
Unfortunately you may have to wait until a service provided by the same operator. If it is on the 'connections' leg of the journey, then arguably you can get an earlier train. For example, if I had a ticket from York to Bedford EC and Connections via London and I missed the booked EMT train, and the next one was an hour, I do not see why I would have to wait 1 hour for the next when I can get FCC, and there is no prohibition on using FCC on the ticket. But if I had a ticket from Bedford to York route EC and Connections via London, and I missed the 1100 EC service, I could not board the 1127 GC service to York and would have to wait for the 1130.
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However with a +connections where there is no reservation for the first train I would think as long as you dont change onto the booked train before your reservation is valid you would be ok.
I'd say it is more the case that you cannot board the booked train
after your reservation is valid, as then arguably you have invalidated the ticket by missing it, although it may well not be enforced.
On some routes there are different interchange possibilities, for example a journey from Selby to Burnley can be made changing at any common station between Micklefield and Hebden Bridge. Different booking engines will make you change at different places, and 'arrive before' and 'depart after' make a difference on Thetrainline (try it!). So people with the same journey could have different itineraries depending on which site they used and whether they specified an arrival or departure time.