This is a perennial favourite on the Forum (see
here and
here for example) but without knowing the name it's rather hard to search for isn't it?! I remember when I first joined I wondered what they were and no amount of searching would help as I had no idea what terms to really use.
As above they're datum plates which show details of the track position and are used to ensure that the track doesn't move out of position and if it does then engineers have a reference to work off when putting it back.
That being said my preferred 'silly' answer is always that they control the volume of the station PA