Advance tickets in First Class are not necessary. There may be a requirement to make the journey, there may be a requirement to make the journey as cheaply as possible, both of which are catered for by having Advance Standard Class tickets. They do come with a guaranteed seat.
I'm not sure I agree with this. There is a third one - a requirement to make the journey, but with a desire for a satisfying balance of comfort and value. I'll happily pay double the price of a Standard Advance to travel in First Class and almost always do when such tickets are available. On a commercial basis its quite obvious there is a need for discounted premium cabin travel services, otherwise why would airlines - who have complete commercial freedom to offer whatever ticket types they want at any price they wish - have a range of non-flexible discounted ticket categories in premium cabins, just like an Advance First ticket?
The trouble is that ignoring Weekend First and Advance First many First Class fares are enormously expensively for what you get. I happen to think FGW First Class is examplary and IMHO the highest standard of accomodation on the railway, however...
...it's still just a bigger, comfier seat and a better cabin ambience. This is worth more money, unquestionably so, but assuming for a second Advance First didn't exist, is it 'worth' £186 (The cheapest walkon First Class Single from Exeter to Paddington) versus £46 (The cheapest walkon Standard Class single from Exeter to Paddington)? It's very hard to argue it is, it's not an experience thats 4 times better. The only people who can justify that are those who are not at all interested in value, because somebody else is paying for it.
My personal opinion is that First Class has been severely undervalued by the Advance Tickets available.
Though its very hard for me to disagree with this, because it's true. FC *has* changed in terms of its client mix as a result of the ease of availability of First Advance fares. First Class is more accessible to more people.
Though really this is something that could be countered by cleverer yield management. Often First Class is barely any more expensive than Standard or in some cases, if the Standard fare bucket has ratched up, cheaper. This is the sort of thing that leads to the undervaluing you describe. Perhaps there should be a link between fare buckets so that First Class is ALWAYS premium priced over the cheapest available Standard Class Advance?
Irrespective of this the fact remains that every other IC passengerbase will continue to benefit from great value First Class. You'll still be able to waft down from Birmingham in First on Virgin for £23.50 if you get the right ticket, etc etc. It seems to be just FGW who have had this significant reduction in FC capacity forced on them by the DFT. Nobody else has. Greater Anglia MK3's will still convey significant First Class accomodation (Which isn't as nice as FGW's) as will Virgin, MML, etc.
Not that I'm a fan of removing FC accomdation completely but as an example removing FC from a Voyager would increase standard class accomodation by 20% on trains which are almost always genuinelly overloaded as opposed to the scenario you go on to describe next..
But I do suspect that the whole thing has more to do with the perceptions of passengers on the 25 minute run to Reading that the train is overcrowded, than the requirements of passengers traveling past Reading.
Wholeheatedly agree that its a perception thing. I experienced it myself on Greater Anglia - a Mk3 set pulled in and the vestibules were totally wedged with people. I was worried there wasn't any space but managed to squeeze in to an obviously badly overloaded train.
Except 10 minutes in I realised it wasn't badly overloaded at all - infact there were an odd amount of vacant seats which people had simply chosen not to occupy and had instead just crammed into the vestibule areas, giving the impression that the train is packed.
I witness this quite a lot - full and standing trains which, in reality, have plenty of seats people seem unwilling to... actually use.