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What were "foot pans"?

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What were "foot pans"?

"We stayed at Maryhill until New Year's morning, leaving the station for Liverpool at 5 a.m. in carriages without foot pans, and again packed like sardines. At Carlisle we got the first drink, that is, those that could pay the piper." (from a letter in a 1900 newspaper)
 
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coppercapped

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What were "foot pans"?

"We stayed at Maryhill until New Year's morning, leaving the station for Liverpool at 5 a.m. in carriages without foot pans, and again packed like sardines. At Carlisle we got the first drink, that is, those that could pay the piper." (from a letter in a 1900 newspaper)
Foot warmers - some worked with a chemical which released heat after it had been shaken.

Used before the age of steam heat...
 

Gloster

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What were "foot pans"?

"We stayed at Maryhill until New Year's morning, leaving the station for Liverpool at 5 a.m. in carriages without foot pans and again packed like sardines. At Carlisle we got the first drink, that is, those that could pay the piper." (from a letter in a 1900 newspaper)

I think that they were small containers, a bit like small jerrycans, that were filled with hot water and placed on the floor of compartments so that passengers could keep their feet warm, at least for a while. This was before steam heating became common.
 
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Foot warmers - some worked with a chemical which released heat after it had been shaken.

Used before the age of steam heat...

I think that they were small containers, a bit like small jerrycans, that were filled with hot water and placed on the floor of compartments so that passengers could keep their feet warm, at least for a while. This was before steam heating became common.

Thank you both. First time I've come across a mention of them in print.
 

Dr Hoo

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Thank you both. First time I've come across a mention of them in print.
Eutectic foot warmers could be used. These used phase-change technology. A material that solidified at a comfortable temperature, such as naphthalene, would be pre-heated until it melted.

As it re-solidified it released warmth at a fairly steady rate over a period of time. Much more slowly than hot water going cold again. Obviously they could be re-heated at a station multiple times.
 

AndrewE

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Eutectic foot warmers could be used. These used phase-change technology. A material that solidified at a comfortable temperature, such as naphthalene, would be pre-heated until it melted.

As it re-solidified it released warmth at a fairly steady rate over a period of time. Much more slowly than hot water going cold again. Obviously they could be re-heated at a station multiple times.
Naphalene? it stinks! Sodium acetate solution, I believe.
http://www.tumuthistory.com/Railways_Foot_Warmer_Boiler_System.htm and https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php/?story_fbid=710045444507124&id=100065050231499
both seem to be about Australia, maybe UK experience has been lost?
 

Dr Hoo

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Naphalene? it stinks! Sodium acetate solution, I believe.
http://www.tumuthistory.com/Railways_Foot_Warmer_Boiler_System.htm and https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php/?story_fbid=710045444507124&id=100065050231499
both seem to be about Australia, maybe UK experience has been lost?
Fair enough, I was mainly instancing naphthalene as a eutectic material. Given that the warmers are sealed it wasn't immediately obvious to me that smell would necessarily be an issue (although I did wonder about any sensitive moths in the compartment upholstery).

Anyway, not 'water', which is what I was driving at.

Cheers
 

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Fair enough, I was mainly instancing naphthalene as a eutectic material. Given that the warmers are sealed it wasn't immediately obvious to me that smell would necessarily be an issue (although I did wonder about any sensitive moths in the compartment upholstery).

Anyway, not 'water', which is what I was driving at.

Cheers

It looks as though the early ones may have been water-filled, but it is quite possible that they were replaced by the chemical ones. In Australia the chemical ones used concentrated crystalline hydrated sodium acetate.
 

etr221

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Naphalene? it stinks! Sodium acetate solution, I believe.
http://www.tumuthistory.com/Railways_Foot_Warmer_Boiler_System.htm and https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php/?story_fbid=710045444507124&id=100065050231499
both seem to be about Australia, maybe UK experience has been lost?
My understanding is that while the UK dispensed with footwarmers when steam train heating came in in the late 19th/early 20th century, Australia retained the use of footwarmers until relatively recently (1970s?), and didn't have through train heating the way we did, probably because thay didn't feel the need - whether it was decline in (country) passenger train services, or the introduction of electric heating/air conditioning that caused their end, I've no idea.
 
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I found this mention of a water-filled foot pan in The Leeds Times, 18th May 1863:

"At the Doncaster Police-court, on Thursday, Mr. Trotter, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, described as a retired captain in the merchant service, was summoned by Mr. Wetton, manufacturing engineer at Deptford and Glasgow, for annoying him on the Great Northern Railway on the 17th March, and for assaulting him. Mr. Wetton took the train at London for York on the day above-mentioned, and travelled alone in a first-class carriage as far as Doncaster, where the defendant and four other friends, who had been at the Spring Meeting, got in. Mr. Wetton declining to sanction their smoking in the carriage, gave annoyance to the defendant and his friends, and because he would not allow them to spread a rug over his knees to allow of their playing at cards, the defendant threatened to throw him out of the window. and put his fist in his face. Both at Knottingley and at York he complained of the gross conduct of the defendant and his friends, who, not content with thus annoying him, had forced the foot-pan, containing hot water, from under his feet, and reared it against Mr. Wetton's legs. On the matter being reported to the Great Northern Company these proceedings were taken under the fifth bye-law. The bench found the defendant guilty of both offences, and fined him in the full penalty of 40s. in each case, which, with £8 5s. costs, made a total of £12 5s., which was paid. Mr. Walker said the public were much indebted to Mr. Wetton for coming forward and complaining; were such conduct as that the defendant displayed tolerated it would be impossible to travel with the least comfort."

This from the Hull Daily Mail, 7th April 1891:

"George Richardson, carriage examiner, said that on Saturday night he was in Paragon Station, and he saw the Brough train backing-up. It had no light on its leading carriage. At the same time he paw Raines standing in the four-foot way of the main line. When he saw him the train was approaching, and was within two or three yards of where he was standing. It was going about ten miles an hour, and he shouted to Raines to attract his attention, but he did not seem to take any notice whatever. When he saw that the man could not escape, he turned away his head, and whistled to the driver of the train to stop. This was immediately done; but, when they got to the place where Raines was lying, he appeared to be quite dead. Assistance was obtained, and he was removed to the foot-pan heating house.—After hearing the evidence of the driver and fireman of the Brough train, the jury returned a verdict of "Accidental death."
 

Belperpete

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It looks as though the early ones may have been water-filled, but it is quite possible that they were replaced by the chemical ones. In Australia the chemical ones used concentrated crystalline hydrated sodium acetate.
Domestic bed warmers were commonly filled with coals from the fire. I had assumed that foot warmers would too, but I suppose this wouldn't be practical for the quantities needed by the railways. Interesting that they had special buildings for heating foot warmers, it must have been quite a little industry. But not much trade during the summer.
 

Rescars

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It seems that water filled foot warmers were introduced on the GNR by Archibald Sturrock (of steam tender fame) in 1852. They must have been very hot when first filled, as they apparently tended to melt boots made of gutta percha (which were apparently in vogue at the time).
 
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