The system on the Up Fast around Thirsk has recently been replaced. It was previously concrete sleepers, with 2 protruding bolts at each side between which the rail is placed with nuts applied above.
I'm told these sleepers had been in place since around 1970!
This sounds like an AD Fastening. The use of which dates back to the late 50s early 60s. Still plenty in the ground including on the ECML in the North East.
As to the original question.
Life all depends on use, maintenance and situation.
On the ECML Rail wear used to be taken as a mm of wear per year on the straight.
Which would give approx 5 years before it needed replacing.
Chemical reaction can influence wear, Road salt at crossings can rot rail in 2 years.
Other locations rail can be in the ground for 70 years or more.
Hull Seamer had a lot of 1941 dated rail, York - Scarborough had miles of 1930s dated rail. A lot of which has been renewed in the last 10 years.
Sleepers, Timber - anywhere between 10 and 50 years.
Concrete - 1950s saw the regular introduction of concrete sleepers both in BH and FB types. Much still in the ground on secondary lines.
Main lines are gradually replacing the 1970s F27 types with new G44s
Steels - The oldest BR types that I know of are in the ground between Pannal and Harrogate dating from about 1985.
Ballast - Depends on Weight of traffic, Depth, Maintenance and local conditions.
By local conditions I mean possibly alongside a field that blows a dust storm across the tracks silting up the ballast within 2 years of a renewal. Or regular mineral traffic dropping Stone or Coal Dust.
The old Tilcon train from Grassington to Hull left a white dust trail all the way.
Ballast should be Ok for 20 - 30 years.