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Slower HS2

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Fishface

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As an enthusiast for railways and very interested in the HS2 debate, could anybody let me know if it would have been a lot cheaper to have designed and built a slower HS2. Or in the scheme of things does the high speed of HS2 have little impact on building costs?
 
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JamesT

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As an enthusiast for railways and very interested in the HS2 debate, could anybody let me know if it would have been a lot cheaper to have designed and built a slower HS2. Or in the scheme of things does the high speed of HS2 have little impact on building costs?
Alternative routes and slower speeds were investigated before HS2 was approved - https://assets.publishing.service.g...0/hs2-review-of-route-selection-and-speed.doc
The conclusion was that a 125mph railway would be 9% cheaper to build, but you'd lose benefits from the less attractive journey time.
 

Bald Rick

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As an enthusiast for railways and very interested in the HS2 debate, could anybody let me know if it would have been a lot cheaper to have designed and built a slower HS2. Or in the scheme of things does the high speed of HS2 have little impact on building costs?

Welcome to the forum.

It was studied extensively as part of the early stage development.

In short, no the cost saving would be minimal. The big costs are tunnelling (required to get a new line out of London, through the Chilterns, and into Birmingham, regardless of speed), and the new stations - required for capacity, regardless of speed.

Realistically the only cost saving through a lower top design speed would have been 1) no need for slab track and consequently a rock solid formation, and slightly smaller diameter tunnel bores. Arguably you might have needed a smaller power supply from the Grid too. But that’s it really.
 

class26

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and at a slower speed you need to purchase more stock. More stock means larger depots .............
 
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Not forgetting that the whole thing would have still overrun cost and time no matter what speed it was supposed to run at. Sitting on an LNER train that is going to be four hours late into London, I'm speculating on what wonders could have been done on the current network with all that money to make it robust and reliable
 

Energy

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Not forgetting that the whole thing would have still overrun cost and time no matter what speed it was supposed to run at. Sitting on an LNER train that is going to be four hours late into London, I'm speculating on what wonders could have been done on the current network with all that money to make it robust and reliable
HS2 has always been found to be the best value for money option over upgrading the current network.
 

Arkeeos

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Not forgetting that the whole thing would have still overrun cost and time no matter what speed it was supposed to run at. Sitting on an LNER train that is going to be four hours late into London, I'm speculating on what wonders could have been done on the current network with all that money to make it robust and reliable
Because route upgrades to the current network have never had cost overruns.....
 

AM9

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Because route upgrades to the current network have never had cost overruns.....
Maybe an irony emoticon would help here. WCML upgrade costs went from 2.5bn to over 14bn before the project was finished. The benefits were swallowed up by increased traffic within 5 years of completion. Then there's the GWML, NW electrification and TP upgrade to show how large improvements to existing infrastructure overrun their programmes and budgets. HS2 is comparatively compliant with its programme and budget, and it will take decades before the additional capacity brings to be consumed.
 

D365

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HS2 is comparatively compliant with its programme and budget, and it will take decades before the additional capacity brings to be consumed.
But am I right in saying that this is part of the blinkered thinking? Because the additional capacity is not 100% utilised from the outset, it’s being treated in some quarters as over-specification.
 

AM9

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But am I right in saying that this is part of the blinkered thinking? Because the additional capacity is not 100% utilised from the outset, it’s being treated in some quarters as over-specification.
Precisely, expecting major infrastructure to pay back in a few years is naive. The main lines from London took from their inception before the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century to reach their full potential, an much of that was attributable to their alignments being beyond the capabilities of early rolling stock. Those routes now support (in most cases) continuous 100+ mph services weighing several hundred tons, - capabilities that the Victorian operating companies could only dream of,
With an expected life of 120+ years, (much of the Victorian railway's construction will soon have doubled that), and nobody has suggested raising it to the ground because it is old, - unlike roads,
 
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JKF

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If they’d specified it at 125mph, there’d still be people moaning about how much could be saved making it 100mph.

A new line always makes sense because it can be designed to suit modern needs and safety in terms of access requirements, maintenance, security etc, all of which save money compared to the existing network.
 

Hadders

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Not forgetting that the whole thing would have still overrun cost and time no matter what speed it was supposed to run at. Sitting on an LNER train that is going to be four hours late into London, I'm speculating on what wonders could have been done on the current network with all that money to make it robust and reliable
If HS2 was built in full you'd likely use it on a journey from somewhere like York to London.
 

Tio Terry

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One thing that may vary with higher speeds is the design of the catenary system. Pantograph interface with the OHEL is critical at higher speeds. There are standard designs that work well for the current HS lines but if you want to go faster the designs may need to be revisited - which costs money!
 

edwin_m

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If HS2 was built in full you'd likely use it on a journey from somewhere like York to London.
But going by HS2's journey times published at the time, time saving would have been less than 30min time compared with the current route.

Quite a bit the cancelled northern sections of HS2 was designed for lower speed in any case, due to the curvature needed to avoid populations and geography.
 

FlyingPotato

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If they’d specified it at 125mph, there’d still be people moaning about how much could be saved making it 100mph.

A new line always makes sense because it can be designed to suit modern needs and safety in terms of access requirements, maintenance, security etc, all of which save money compared to the existing network.
People would be moaning about the low speed as well, they'd be saying s'o much money for the same speed, Europe can do it so why can't we, it's a waste of money' and so on
 

Hadders

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But going by HS2's journey times published at the time, time saving would have been less than 30min time compared with the current route.

Quite a bit the cancelled northern sections of HS2 was designed for lower speed in any case, due to the curvature needed to avoid populations and geography.
HS2 is about the capacity, not just the speed.

Move a large chunk of long distance services to the new line (built to higher standards so more reliable etc), then use the existing line for more local and regional services.

Sadly, not going to happen now.
 

HSTEd

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Not forgetting that the whole thing would have still overrun cost and time no matter what speed it was supposed to run at. Sitting on an LNER train that is going to be four hours late into London, I'm speculating on what wonders could have been done on the current network with all that money to make it robust and reliable
Almost nothing, given it would have dissappeared into the standard rail industry black hole.

I am not a particular fan of the HS2 scheme that emerged, but it certainly beats trying yet another upgrade programme.
 
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So why? In the past we built things quicker I think, what's gone wrong that GB can build nothing anymore? That's a genuine question. As someone in the IT industry, I see the same malaise there:deliver the risk free minimum and charge the earth for it. Why is there no pride in actually delivering quality now?
 

HSTEd

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So why? In the past we built things quicker I think, what's gone wrong that GB can build nothing anymore? That's a genuine question. As someone in the IT industry, I see the same malaise there:deliver the risk free minimum and charge the earth for it. Why is there no pride in actually delivering quality now?
Shareholder capitalism cares about making money and nothing else, that's the whole point of it.
'Pride' doesn't really come into it.

Leave that up with the growing power of the vetocracy and the lack of meaningful state capability in actual engineering, and you end up with an endless stream of disasters.
 

GRALISTAIR

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As an enthusiast for railways and very interested in the HS2 debate, could anybody let me know if it would have been a lot cheaper to have designed and built a slower HS2. Or in the scheme of things does the high speed of HS2 have little impact on building costs?
Welcome to the forum.
 

edwin_m

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HS2 is about the capacity, not just the speed.

Move a large chunk of long distance services to the new line (built to higher standards so more reliable etc), then use the existing line for more local and regional services.

Sadly, not going to happen now.
Yes, but that's easier to do if passengers see some benefit in taking a different route from a different station, which they would with HS2 services being significantly faster.
 

mike57

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I think the issue with HS2 is more about the project delivery, and the arrangements used.

I personally dont see why it wasn't specced for 200mph/320kph max from the begining given the distances, as any money saved would be good, but that wouldn't have avoided the massive cost overruns

Going back to original proposals, and the investigations to select the 'best' option, this is only as good as the input data, and also as with all these sort of reports can be biased towards the outcome the authors (or their paymasters) want. It suffered from the standard malaise of trying to minimise estimated costs in order to make the case, knowing full well there was no allowance for things going wrong, which they inevitably do on projects of the scale of HS2.

With the project delivery I think the issue is the government trying to shift the risk on to the contractors, which in turn creates an enviroment where every single change, even minor ones become contract variations, with all the attendent paperwork and bureaucracy. I have seen it on other major projects outside the rail industry (look at Evaporator D at Sellafield as a good example outside the rail indistry), and it ends up absorbing huge amounts of time and effort as the contractors try and 'grow' the project to cover their costs and maximise profit.
 

AM9

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I think the issue with HS2 is more about the project delivery, and the arrangements used.

I personally dont see why it wasn't specced for 200mph/320kph max from the begining given the distances, as any money saved would be good, but that wouldn't have avoided the massive cost overruns.
From what others in the know have said here, dropping the maximum speed by 50mph may even increase the cost of ownership for no gain in amenity.
 
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HS2 has always been found to be the best value for money option over upgrading the current network.
Maybe best value for money if it had been built, but a faster train service between London and Birmingham can't constitute good value for money for people living in Manchester, Leeds or further North.
 

AM9

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Maybe best value for money if it had been built, but a faster train service between London and Birmingham can't constitute good value for money for people living in Manchester, Leeds or further North.
Oh yes it will, a reduction in the travel time to Handsacre will reduce the time to Manchester and Scotland by a similar amount. Much more worthwhile will be the removal of traffic from the most congested part of the WCML south of the West Midlands will allow more trains to be scheduled both on the quieter WCML and for direct journeys, using HS2.
As for Leeds, - this Government has really stuffed their prospects until something actually happens with the Trans-Pennine routes.
 

class26

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Oh yes it will, a reduction in the travel time to Handsacre will reduce the time to Manchester and Scotland by a similar amount. Much more worthwhile will be the removal of traffic from the most congested part of the WCML south of the West Midlands will allow more trains to be scheduled both on the quieter WCML and for direct journeys, using HS2.
As for Leeds, - this Government has really stuffed their prospects until something actually happens with the Trans-Pennine routes.
Actually that`s not true as trains to Brum will travel on high speed lines throughout. Trains beyond Handsacre will not tilt so will be restricted to 110 mph therefore actually travel SLOWER than now so time saved will not be the same as for Brum trains. The further travelled at 110 mph means progressively less time will be saved when compared to brum. Scottish trains could even be slower than now , the government (i don`t think) have actually given time savings for Glasgow which makes me suspicious that there aren`t any.
 

HSTEd

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Actually that`s not true as trains to Brum will travel on high speed lines throughout. Trains beyond Handsacre will not tilt so will be restricted to 110 mph therefore actually travel SLOWER than now so time saved will not be the same as for Brum trains. The further travelled at 110 mph means progressively less time will be saved when compared to brum. Scottish trains could even be slower than now , the government (i don`t think) have actually given time savings for Glasgow which makes me suspicious that there aren`t any.
Given the miniscule savings of 125mph vs 110mph, which is about 4 seconds per mile, I doubt that the half hour or so that is gained by the rapid trip to Handsacre would be entirely lost by the time it reaches Glasgow.

How much of the northern WCML even has EPS speeds?
 
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