With regard to the track, this has been a source of general concern certainly all of my “railway life” and has to date never been adequately addressed. The cause as I understand it goes right back to when the lines were constructed in 1864.
The “ballast” used was shingle, originally it was dredged from Bembridge Harbour, but this was later not found adequate for the heavier locos so a change was made to quarried gravel from St. Georges Down.
In 1967 following electrification the first underground stock (Class 485) was introduced.... however after a few years the track staff noticed that issues were appearing at the rail joints which were being “hammered” and becoming dipped... due to the significant increase in un-sprung weight passing over the joints and a general increase in average speed due to the more rapid acceleration of the electric trains.
In the 1990s the Class 483 vehicles were introduced... however as soon as the vehicles arrived on the Island ride quality issues emerged and very quickly became an issue. It was established that this was due to the extensive use of second hand rail causing frequent and rapid lateral displacement of the wheels leading to a phenomena called “cyclic side wear”.
On the stock the bogies were modified to allow greater lateral movement [and] vehicle bounce hydraulic dampers (shock absorbers) were fitted to the bogies. The track engineers meanwhile started a programme of enhanced joint maintenance and also removing alternate joints by welding two rails together. Granite ballast would also be used in place of the gravel to support the joints.
Unfortunately no attention was given to the to the damaged formation, as this would require extensive work to be effective, and the use of granite ballast was considered to be an adequate “fix” at the time. These elements, at the time, whilst they improved the ride significantly, they were not considered the final answer to the problem.
What has happened since privatisation is that the experienced track engineers have retired or left the industry and most of the original documentation, reports, studies etc. lost. So with the advent of contractor style maintenance there is no knowledge or experience in local issues and their significance. This has allowed the track’s line and level to deteriorate due to there being a lack in investment in the necessary enhanced maintenance required.