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EV battery disposal - who pays, how and when?

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matacaster

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So far very few EVs have been scrapped and thus few batteries have needed to be disposed of. In a few years time that number of batteries will be huge. How will these be disposed of or recycled, by whom and who will pay? Surely taking them to the scrapyard isn't a viable option? Will the likes of tesla take them back?
 
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Nym

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What you've hit on the head there is one of the key reasons why I won't buy an electric car.

(Would lease one, can't charge where I live now, but will be able to when moved.)
 

Harpers Tate

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It seems likely to me that a recycling industry will develop to recover the rare minerals used (since they aren't lost in use), once volumes of "dead" batteries are high enough, and it may well be that the value of those minerals exceeds the recovery cost. If so, then nobody needs directly pay anything for disposal. In the meantime, it's also probably true that, once the capacity of a battery used in (say) a car has reduced such that it makes the range of the car too low, those batteries may still have further use in appications where weight and volume are less critical - eg in domestic (or commercial, even) powerwalls - until they become totally useless.
 

Bald Rick

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Typical destination is to be lashed up with others and used for storage on the Grid. Although the article linked below suggests Tesla have now found a way to recycle the majority of the material back into base metals:


One of the biggest problems that we may face in the not too distant future is having to safely dispose of depleted electric vehicle battery packs. But the doomsday scenario that many are getting alarmed over may never actually unfold if recycling is as efficient as Tesla’s new process that is claimed to save up to 92 percent of the elements that make up a battery pack.


The recycling solution has been in the works for at least two years, or at least mid-April 2019 was the first time we heard them mention it publicly; it may very well have been (and probably had been) in the works for longer. Back then, Tesla called it a unique battery recycling solution that would yield significant savings in the long term, but it didn't say any more.

The manufacturer recently pointed out that 100 percent of the batteries it scraps are recycled and nothing ends up in a landfill. It has been setting up internal structures within the company to gather and recycle old battery packs for years and it believes that the companies that made the packs should also recycle them, arguing this is more efficient than having third parties do it.

Tesla points out that through the use of this new process, it managed to recycle 1,300 of nickel, 400 tons of copper and 80 tons of cobalt last year alone. This means the manufacturer now essentially produces some of the materials it needs, thus reducing the need to mine.
 
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rangersac

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The first mass produced electric car was the the Nissan Leaf with a 24kW battery. Heavily used examples still have around 50% capacity now, so 12kW. That's pretty much the capacity of a Tesla Powerwall, the best known domestic storage battery. The short answer is a battery that is no longer useful in a car is still very useful for static storage applications and won't be disposed of anytime soon.
 

mmh

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The first mass produced electric car was the the Nissan Leaf with a 24kW battery. Heavily used examples still have around 50% capacity now, so 12kW. That's pretty much the capacity of a Tesla Powerwall, the best known domestic storage battery. The short answer is a battery that is no longer useful in a car is still very useful for static storage applications and won't be disposed of anytime soon.
Who is buying these redundant car batteries?
 

Bald Rick

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Who is buying these redundant car batteries?

certainly for Tesla vehicles, Tesla. They are required to by law (albeit they don’t buy them back, they will take them off your hands for nothing).
 

NoRoute

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From time to time you see news reports about new recycling facilities opening up for handling lithium ion batteries. Report of a service opening up in Sheffield by a company RS Bruce, reports that Veolia are opening a facility in the West Midlands.

I think the battery recycling is a bit of a non-issue really.


 

NoRoute

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Which recycling bin are you going to put yours in?
It will be going to one of the purpose built recycling facilities I linked to above, but that will be some years away by which point more will have opened.

There's lots of other car parts where recycling is more of a problem, like tyres where many just get incinerated or chopped up and used as fuel but I don't see people worrying about buying a petrol or diesel car because of the waste created by 15 years worth of worn out tyres. So equally, I don't see the EV battery as being a show-stopper, particularly as it has some waste value and the recycling chain is already getting established.
 
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