If I'm understanding your question correctly, you are looking for clarity over a specific procedure which you suspect is being used to substantiate either a) a claim against you; or b) a prosecution for a criminal offence by a railway company, c) a prosecution for a criminal offence by the state, or d) a prosecution for a civil offence by a railway company (or perhaps another entity).
I apologise to you now, that due to the vagueness of the difficulty you are in, that I'm not going to answer your question for you, but just want to offer you a caution, that if any one of my 4 guesses are correct, then I am sure that there will be further evidence to support that claim or prosecution. Without knowing these, there is little anyone here (or elsewhere) can do to help - other than the caution I have given, that it would probably be more constructive to consider that other evidence.
Long-term persistent ticket irregularities can be viewed as Fraud; and as the response to Fraud differs across our 4 nations, then again there is little that can be usefully said without the facts.