High windows are a legacy of the Mark 2d coach, which was purposely designed so that passengers in window seats could not see the adjacent track and the resultant 'sleeper flicker'. This was perpetuated in the Mark 3 design and all the Mark 3-derived multiple units (plus the Met-Camm Class 156 as well, so it seems).
Class 153, on the other hand, is derived from the Leyland National bus, and the window height in this case was probably set at a compromise between the low front seats and the rear seats above the engine. So in a railway vehicle, where there's no need to raise the floor above the engine, the windows are very high.
In later designs (158, Turbo, Networker etc. onwards) the window height has come down a bit, thankfully in my opinion.