Extending the point could you get off a Shotts line train at Cambuslang and travel to Central Low Level via the Argyle line, getting off at any of the intermediate stations? Or even get off a Shotts line train at Holytown and travel via Hamilton (there are through trains) to Glasgow?
As you have noticed there are other alternative routes and the answer to all of these is also no, not permitted
You are only permitted to travel on services passing through those stations AND that serve the destinations
Glasgow - Cumbernauld
Glasgow - Falkirk Grahamston
Glasgow - Alloa
Glasgow - Stirling (any service)
Glasgow Central - Shotts - Edinburgh
I can't find any service that would be valid from Glasgow Central LL, with this ticket
It could be argued that you could travel from Glasgow Central LL to Uddingston, and then board the next Edinburgh via Shotts service, again it is not permitted but I doubt any action would be taken providing it was explained between what points you were travelling
The same parallel exists with Glasgow QS LL and Springburn, not permitted but I doubt any action would be taken
I know some people have tried using a Central Scotland Rover to travel between Glasgow Central LL and Glasgow QS LL, changing at Partick
That really is pushing it!