Hello
@JRHurst - great question and I will offer my limited experience -
Non AI
I quite often use Google's photo-editing app on my phone, to remove unwanted pole, wire etc protruding above a train, or to improve colour balance / contrast / sharpness. Works OK.
AI
I used Google Gemini Pro AI software to re-touch ten photos and to remove fogging from edge of one. My photos were:
a) 35mm, scanned and saved digitally, or
b) taken on a decent digital compact.
VIewing on a 32" pc monitor,
source images were sharp and decent resolution.
However, with AI re-touching, even with best settings on "Pro + Extended Thinking", none of the results were good enough resolution; all rendered very pixellated. I deleted them.