In reacll that there was comment at the time of the 1985 Battersea Park rear end collision that the two mark 1 vehicles that actually took the force of the colliion (an East Sussex DEMU power car and a Gatwick Express GLV) looked rather less damaged than the Mark 2 vehicle immediately behind the GLV. There may have been damage to the underframes though - certainly the DEMU power car was condemned later that year, as were the first two Mark 2s of the Gatwick train - but not, it would seem, the GLV.
. I seem to recall reading that the engine mountings of the Class 73 that was propelling the second train were also damaged, so the shock of the impact passed right through the train
Looking at the report on this, there seem to be some parallels.
Rear end collision, after the first train stopped so a signalling fault could be investigated
Second train running on a succession of yellows, driver missed a red.
Differences
The driver survived, and could report what had happened. He was quite candid that he had simply missed the signal.
He had been passing a number of signals that went from red to yellow as he approached, but missed that the last one had not done so.
On the left hand curve, and on the left hand track, he had read through to the next signal, cleared for the preceding train, but that train itself had been obscured by the girders of a bridge
The first train was moving off under the just-cleared signal, so the closing speed was lower and the brakes were not on, making the impact less severe
The reported fault was with a track circuit. the DEMU had been diverted from fast to slow so the fault (on the up fast) could be investigated. It had been held at the signal to wait for a down train to pass.