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How long should it take to clear up after an accident?

Horizon22

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Ufton Nervet is relatively recent.

Hither Green 1967 – accident Sunday evening, slow lines back in action Tuesday morning, fast lines Wednesday.

It’s over 20 years ago now.

Maybe just maybe, incident investigation wasn’t as thorough back in the 60s. Especially if the circumstances appeared to be clearer. Each incident has its own unique circumstances.

Not sure about you but I would absolutely want the incident thoroughly investigated, especially if there are wider safer implications for the rest of the industry.
 
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There is a clear difference between the time taken to clear fatal road collisions on the motorway network and those on the rail network. National Highways has targets for the former, not aware of any for the latter.
To be honest on a motorway. There are lots of recovery vehicles around to remove the mess. The police investigation takes most of the time. I am not sure if that must be completed first. However once that is done they seem to be able to get wrecked cars on the back of lorries within 1 hour.

If they could move everything from Bedford now, I have no idea how long it would take to get staff, cranes (with the ability to operate safely) specialist lorries etc to the site. I suspect there are not many around.

Not sure how long it took to get some routes open after Clapham.
 

Spartacus

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Years ago in an accident like this the stock involved would be mostly knackered and unable to be used again. You might try and salvage the locos, but the rest could be happily broken up on site, maybe even burnt. Not there's a good chance most, perhaps all, will be reusable, so you want to recover them. I understand initial estimates were that a small number were unable to be moved by rail, and would need craning off to be moved by road, mid-week opening might have been possible, that changed as more thorough examination was possible and now most will need that doing. That can only be safely done, while preserving possible evidence also, during daylight hours and even with the long days moving 3 per day is a realistic max, providing you've enough trailers to even move them away, so you're looking at perhaps 4 days for that, then you've got the overheads to take down and string back up, any track and signalling repairs to carry out, and that's all even beyond RAIB investigations being finished to allow that.

Now, maybe some service could be partially restored on Friday, but even if it could, and maybe even was, do you want to publicise that in case timescales slip? And is it even worth it, opening an an undetermined time of Friday only to close it again for another blockade at the weekend which might be affected by the final works? Might as well get it all done in one go, leaving the PW free to try catch up on some of the engineering opportunities no doubt postponed from this weekend.
 

Surreytraveller

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If there's a death, it's a crime scene. I'm assuming once the emergency services release the site, it's then an RAIB site. Once they've done their bit then comes the recovery and reinstatement. Once that's done, it's the testing. A week feels quick.
The emergency services gave the site back Friday night. It's RAIB. They don't have the staff
 

AlterEgo

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It’s over 20 years ago now.

Maybe just maybe, incident investigation wasn’t as thorough back in the 60s. Especially if the circumstances appeared to be clearer. Each incident has its own unique circumstances.

Not sure about you but I would absolutely want the incident thoroughly investigated, especially if there are wider safer implications for the rest of the industry.
Indeed the accident report for Hither Green is just 38 pages, and I would be surprised if the report for Bedford is less than four times as long. Stonehaven runs to 298 pages.

There's a lot more involved with forensically examining the scene in order to produce better outcomes. RAIB might be thin on the ground but the standard of work is usually very good. We aren't really here to speculate about the Bedford crash but off the top of my head there are at least half a dozen potential factors at play here which could produce recommendations.
 

Sir Felix Pole

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Harrow & Wealdstone in 1952 which I think involved a three train collision, the two slow lines were open at 05:00 the following morning. The DC (Lioness Line) three day after, as the wrecked locomotives had to cleared from the track. The fast lines I think were closed for four days. A temporary footbridge also opened on the fourth day to allow passengers access to the six + bay platforms.

Different world of course 70 years ago. Though being a fully integrated organisation probably did speed up recovery.
When you read the accidents reports from that era, there is almost a congratulatory tone from the Inspecting Officer at the efforts to restore the service as quickly as possible. The railways were much more vital then of course, and there were plenty of diversionary options to choose from (with widespread route knowledge amongst crews). I feel that the railway just gives up all too easily these days.
 

SteveT

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How else are you expecting nine very damaged and in some places likely out of gauge (let alone their height if there even were flatbed wagons to carry them) large metal boxes to be shifted?
How was it managed in the past?
 

Horizon22

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When you read the accidents reports from that era, there is almost a congratulatory tone from the Inspecting Officer at the efforts to restore the service as quickly as possible.

Which is exactly how you should not approach incident investigation. As you say, a different era. Of course try and be efficient, but this shouldn't be at the expense of diligence and meticulous investigation.
 

SteveT

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most likely cut up onsite or left to the side, pre health and safety days.
Not while still on the running lines!

TBF, there were in the past plenty of places to stow damaged vehicles temporarily before removing them for repair or scrapping.
 

Mile Post 13

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How was it managed in the past?
If a vehicle could be moved by rail then it would be placed onto "accommodation bogies" and hauled to the nearest depot or yard. Very badly damaged vehicles that physically could not be removed were cut up and taken away by wagon.

The old BR breakdown cranes had tall jibs and were designed for this particular lifting task. Modern rail-borne cranes are designed to lift track panels and S&C units and so do not have jibs that raise to the same sort of heights so that they can operate under the OHL without the need to slue or cut and pull back the catenary system to give free lift access. I image that the cranes at site are Kirows ?

Another consideration will be the need to prepare documented lifting plans and provide method statements and a whole plethora of documentation so that the H&S community can sleep comfortably at night. The days of relying on the expereince and wisdom of the BR breakdow supervisor have long gone.

Modern practice is for the vehicles involved in major accidents to be taken to the HSE lab at Buxton for examination, where some of the Ladbroke Grove and the Hatfield vehicles were still being kept in their storage area when I was last there.

In BR days when engineers ran the railway the impetus was to establish the cause of an accident without regards for any liability and collaboratively with HMRI. That approach went out the door with Privatisation as everyone involved is now mindful of potential liability and the lawyers get involved immediately. No Company will attend and make any comments that have not been cleared with the Corporate legal team and in some cases the head of legal will be at any press conference - if not visible at least in the background.
 

apinnard

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Not while still on the running lines!

TBF, there were in the past plenty of places to stow damaged vehicles temporarily before removing them for repair or scrapping.
The past is in the past. And in terms of health and safety, I’m quite glad about that. There’s no room for rose tinted spectacles when it comes to that.
 

D365

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Another consideration will be the need to prepare documented lifting plans and provide method statements and a whole plethora of documentation so that the H&S community can sleep comfortably at night. The days of relying on the expereince and wisdom of the BR breakdow supervisor have long gone.
An utterly ridiculous comment. The work plan is to ensure that machinery and personnel are used correctly and to avoid further (structural or bodily) harm. The only planning that a crane crew should be doing on site would be under exceptional circumstances and after ’stepping back’.
 

Nicholas Lewis

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RAIB will potentially want to look at how the trains have behaved in this incident both structurally and whats happened inside in terms of fixtures and fittings and how that has contributed or not to passenger injuries. The bogies look to have detached on several vehicles of both trains so would be difficult to move under accommodation bogies without potentially intrusive work on the vehicle which RAIB would want to avoid. Im surmising this is the reason NR are getting a temporary road built and a road crane pad constructed for a large road crane to remove the vehicles intact. In the past these cranes have been as large as 500/800 Tonne lift capacity but there are very few of that size crane in the UK. They are booked up on jobs months if not years ahead so there could be a delay to get them deployed and even when they arrive can take upto 24hrs to get functional.

Historically BR used to run a large fleet of breakdown cranes across the UK but I'm not even sure if they even have any left now as DB was last operator of one at Toton. The Kirows aren't really designed for lifting coaches as there usually used for track panels so will have to tandem lift here.
 
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Horizon22

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Also not to be morbid about it but in times gone by, rail crashes were more common. This meant BR were more “prepared” for such a scenario with resources to back up recovery. Thankfully, such a response is now incredibly rare, so it is not that surprising it would also take longer from a purely logistical point of view.
 

LYradial

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Just an idle thought, in days gone by nearly all vehicles were coupled with three link or screw couplings, now they are fitted with large interlocking steel connectors, how difficult will it be to separate these which are likely distorted and very hard to get at.
 

Dr Hoo

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Just an idle thought, in days gone by nearly all vehicles were coupled with three link or screw couplings, now they are fitted with large interlocking steel connectors, how difficult will it be to separate these which are likely distorted and very hard to get at.
Passenger stock with any degree of modernity had buckeyes or similar. (I’m not talking about Modernisation Plan DMUs here.)
 

sharpener

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The bogies look to have detached on several vehicles of both trains so would be difficult to move under accommodation bogies without potentially intrusive work on the vehicle which RAIB would want to avoid.
Where the bogies are not completely detached will they want to preserve the integrity by strapping them up to the bodywork, or remove them and examine them as separate items?
So NR are getting a temporary road built and a road crane pad for probably a 500/800 Tonne crane to lift the vehicles out intact. There are very few of that size crane in the UK and they take at least 24hrs to get functional once the pad is in place.
IIRC there was an accident ?30 years ago where the MD of Baldwins Crane Hire sent his two biggest available cranes to the crash site the moment he heard about it. I am hoping there is a call-off contract with somebody already in place, otherwise in this more litigious era it might take several days just to sort out the paperwork.
 

Magrar

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Seems pretty obvious that doing something that's not too dissimilar to heavy truck recovery, would be much cheaper to arrange at short notice and quicker to execute on site, than something that's more like a construction job.

I'm assuming for an incident like this they'd simply be taking down all the OHL and replacing it, so it can't really be that which is preventing the use of cranes over other methods. Although ironically the rest of the OHL and other lineside infrastructure might still severely hamper a ground based effort.
 

Dr Hoo

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Back in BR’s day the ‘recovery’ after the Newton collision in 1991 took weeks, with much of the signalling being subject to forensic examination and re-installation.
 

MatthewHutton

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As did the extremely reduced requirements on health and safety, and investigating what happened so lessons can be properly learnt and changes implemented.
They did actually learn lessons after Harrow and Wealdstone to be fair.
There is a clear difference between the time taken to clear fatal road collisions on the motorway network and those on the rail network. National Highways has targets for the former, not aware of any for the latter.
The motorways are also often extremely slow compared to other countries. Germany for example is much quicker, I bet Japan is as well.

== Doublepost prevention - post automatically merged: ==

Also not to be morbid about it but in times gone by, rail crashes were more common. This meant BR were more “prepared” for such a scenario with resources to back up recovery. Thankfully, such a response is now incredibly rare, so it is not that surprising it would also take longer from a purely logistical point of view.
Fair point.
 

renegademaster

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I suspect it isn't the actual clearing up that is time-consuming but the collection of evidence from the scene. Railways are far more complex these days than in the past, so there is far more to check for failure, etc.
Considering how long it took to move that derailed Javelin in Ramsgate nvestigation isn't the only factor
 

181

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Back in BR’s day the ‘recovery’ after the Newton collision in 1991 took weeks, with much of the signalling being subject to forensic examination and re-installation.
But you don't need to go back to the steam age to find quick reopenings as some of the comments above might suggest -- at Clapham Junction in 1988 the slow lines reopened in the evening of the day after the accident and the fast lines the next morning. The report has 212 pages, so they don't appear to have skimped on investigation. It probably helped that the stray wire that caused the accident was identified within hours.

I didn't know it took that long at Newton, so that's interesting -- I was going to say that the change appeared to have happened between 1988 and 1999, when the line was closed for about a fortnight after the Ladbrooke Grove accident (and I remember hearing that concern had been expressed about the dangers of the resulting overcrowding at Ealing Broadway).
 

Baxenden Bank

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A similar situation (in terms of recovery) was the Grayrigg derailment on the West Coast in 2007.

These notes are a heavily reduced version of the whole article on Wikipedia.

The Grayrigg derailment was a fatal railway accident that occurred at approximately 20:15 GMT on Friday 23 February 2007.
Within three hours of the derailment the site of the accident had been sealed off with a five-mile cordon.
The line was expected to be closed for two weeks, with Virgin Trains saying that the line would not reopen to passenger services until 12 March 2007.
The operation to remove the train from the site began on the evening of 1 March 2007.
The last of the carriages were removed on 4 March 2007.
Trains began running on the line again on 12 March.
 

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