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HS2 should stop at more stations in the Chilterns

Bald Rick

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Except other high speed lines do have intermediate stations after such a distance.

LGV-SE first station Le Creusot, almost 200 miles from Paris GdL
LGV-A first station Vendôme, just over 100 miles from Paris Montparnasse
LGV-N first station Haut Picardie, just over 80 miles from Paris GdN
LGV-E first station Champagne-Ardennes, about 85 miles from Paris Est.

80 miles from Euston on HS2 is near Leamington.


It’s not even 10 minutes in France and they have 3 minute dwells and don’t use EMUs. 5-6 minutes is a reasonable range.

It’s 7 mins from 350km/h, with a 2 minute dwell.
 
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MatthewHutton

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???

HS2 is under construction.
At vast cost and with most of it cancelled.

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It’s 7 mins from 350km/h, with a 2 minute dwell.
So 5 from 300km/h and a 1 minute dwell and 300 is what the trains are going to be running at.
LGV-SE first station Le Creusot, almost 200 miles from Paris GdL
LGV-SE had TGV services to Sens when it opened. But those places are also smaller and on the existing mainline. It’s like having a first stop at Crewe after hugging the west coast mainline the whole way.

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The maths:
Current round trip 5 hours with an mix of 9+9+11 (29 coaches per hour) × 5 hours = 145 coaches to run the services

Future round trip 3 hours with 16×3 coaches per hour = 144 coaches
So 2 stops each called at 3 times an hour would need to raise enough revenue to cover purchasing and operating 1 train. I think that would be extremely comfortable.

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Maybe, but if somewhere like Farnborough Main can't add enough extra passengers to help justify Crossrail 2 (the up to 8tph which become available for outer suburban and longer distance services due to the metro services shifting to Crossrail2), when it doesn't need a new station and Crossrail 2 has a cost of less than £50bn and a population of nearly double within 15km and several other locations across the SWR network which could also increase passenger numbers with higher population numbers than 300,000 within 15km.
A new station for the Chilterns should by any reasonable measure cost less than 0.5% of Crossrail 2. It will also have somewhat higher fares as its long distance.

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It wouldn't have been that much cheaper and 360km/h would've future-proofed the line a lot better than 320km/h. As I understand it SNCF wished they had engineered the LGV Sud-Est with more futureproofing in mind so the 270-285km/h could be faster and better aligned for it.
LGV Sud Est has a lot more destinations that are much further away from the centre than Britain. You could plausibly have to support Paris-Rome passengers.
 
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Bald Rick

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So 5 from 300km/h and a 1 minute dwell and 300 is what the trains are going to be running at.

There won’t be any 1 minute dwells on HS2 stock. Especially if this putative station is going to be popular with passengers boarding and alighting.

LGV-SE had TGV services to Sens when it opened. But those places are also smaller and on the existing mainline.

My bold, so not relevant to building new stations on HS2. Otherwise this thread would be ‘building a link to the former Metropolitan Line near Aylesbury’
 
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Transilien

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LGV-SE had TGV services to Sens when it opened. But those places are also smaller and on the existing mainline. It’s like having a first stop at Crewe after hugging the west coast mainline the whole way.
Do you have a reference to TGVs going to Sens? French Wikipedia says nothing about this.
 

Starmill

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Except other high speed lines do have intermediate stations after such a distance.
Repeating something again and again that isn't true doesn't in any way make it more true. 35 miles isn't far enough and you've not given any examples to the contrary. Some trains dedicated to new build lines do make stops at this distance, but it's uncommon. For the first stop out of a major demand centre it's even more uncommon.

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Why do you think the people of the Chilterns wouldn’t want the rail line going through their area if there were actually benefits to the project rather than the current position with HS2 where it’s all pain and no gain?
The existing plan for HS2 already benefited people in Buckinghamshire and the surrounding counties by offering them the opportunity to receive more frequent trains with vastly more seats on them than they have today. That is something the ones who are opposed to the project wilfully misled people about, and it's one of the reasons we're in this mess today. Each additional high speed service releases space for multiple additional services on the existing lines.

The HS2 service as it stands won't release a single seat. Mostly thanks to the people who own land right by the track.

It's the people in Brackley I feel for. Their public transport is so useless that it rounds down to zero. Access to any railway stations for a long-distance journey is also dreadful given the distance and outrageous costs and paucity of car parking. It's enormously unfair that they experienced even the minor disruption they did to construct the line while getting nothing back.

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You can sell the seats in both directions...
I'm interested to hear what prices you'd expect to be setting to get approximately even numbers doing Aylesbury - London as Aylesbury - Birmingham. I'm sure you'd need to set an Aylesbury - London single into three figures against say £50 to Birmingham...
 
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The Ham

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So 2 stops each called at 3 times an hour would need to raise enough revenue to cover purchasing and operating 1 train. I think that would be extremely comfortable.

The issue is that to add those three stops will add around 20 minutes to the journey time (a bit more for the numbers given by others a bit less using your numbers) each way, that's a 3:40 round trip time.

With 16 coaches and 3tph that's 11 sets rather than 9 sets, so your maths is already off.

With the average lease cost of £200,000 per coach and that's 1/3 of a TOC's costs for running a train that's 32 coaches costing £600,000 each that's £19.2 million, plus any loss of passengers due to the extra 20 minutes of journey time.

Whilst those 3 stations could have 1 million passengers each, as others have pointed out many of them are likely to be people who already use the railways and so isn’t new money.

A new station for the Chilterns should by any reasonable measure cost less than 0.5% of Crossrail 2. It will also have somewhat higher fares as its long distance.

To London is circa £30 per ticket (based on existing ticket prices) for an anytime ticket.

Looking at the ODM results for Princes Risborough, and scaling up by a factor of 10 you might see:

20,000 people going to Birmingham (about 67 people a day or about 5 an hour)

2,700 people going to Manchester (about 9 people a day or about 1 an hour)

720 people going to Edinburgh (about 2 a day, maybe 3 on a good day)

You'd likely get double that (as that's just one way), let's be generous and say the two way flow is rounded up to 25,000 and then 3 times this much. That's 19 passengers an hour, between 3 trains that's around 7 people who are traveling to/from places north of there either boarding or alighting from a train with a seated capacity of over 1,000.

Yes, you may then see 2,000,000 heading to/from London, however given currently the Aylesbury stations don't even see 300,000 to London, that's quite a significant change.
 

Mogz

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Given this white elephant is now only going from London to Birmingham (already served by WCML and Chiltern) you might as well turn it into a commuter railway serving places such as Aylesbury, Brackley etc.

Might actually get more ridership that way!
 

FMerrymon

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Given this white elephant is now only going from London to Birmingham (already served by WCML and Chiltern) you might as well turn it into a commuter railway serving places such as Aylesbury, Brackley etc.

Might actually get more ridership that way!

But it isnt just going to Birmingham, even phase 1.
 

Peter Sarf

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Yes of course it has. In fact SNCF are having to upgrade the route to cope with the traffic.
My comment about "Lessons Learned" refers. It's a lot easier to design it right in the first place, rather than coming back later to install piecemeal fixes.
To amplify. Advice taken from people who have done it before us was to avoid intermediate stops unless you want all services to stop there (like Old Oak Common station and Birmingham Interchange station).
And £100bn later here we are realising that that isn’t as easy as it sounds either!

Politically a tunnel under Welwyn might be fairly long - but it could have steep grades and politically would be pretty uncontroversial.


People from the south do travel to the north! And people from the north also travel to visit them.

So why did you say LGV Sud Est only had 4-5 trains an hour?


Part of that also is the rail industry trying quite so hard not to offer one. Pushing for cancellation was perhaps the easier path given the cost escalations.

I mean people are still arguing today against intermediate stops when there is no realistic prospect of anything beyond maybe phase 2a.
It is going to cost whatever you do, construction in the UK it generally more expansive (for road, rail and other projects). Hobbling HS2 is not going to justify the expense of a high speed route designed and built to bring UK cities further North closer to London in terms of time and convenience.

Phase 1 still brings long distance benefits, phase 2a cheaply brings a lot more long distance benefits.

HS2 would not have been built the way it was if only the Chilterns to/from London were the priority.
LGV-SE first station Le Creusot, almost 200 miles from Paris GdL
LGV-A first station Vendôme, just over 100 miles from Paris Montparnasse
LGV-N first station Haut Picardie, just over 80 miles from Paris GdN
LGV-E first station Champagne-Ardennes, about 85 miles from Paris Est.

80 miles from Euston on HS2 is near Leamington.




It’s 7 mins from 350km/h, with a 2 minute dwell.
My bold. Good point. Furthermore, just to highlight, Leamington is not too far the station being built near the HS2 Birmingham / M42 "Birmingham Interchange". So a good job nothing nearer London.
Given this white elephant is now only going from London to Birmingham (already served by WCML and Chiltern) you might as well turn it into a commuter railway serving places such as Aylesbury, Brackley etc.

Might actually get more ridership that way!
Wrong. HS2 phase 1 is going beyond Birmingham, and will bring benefits to those travelling all the way to Glasgow.
Phase 2a cheaply brings more benefits from North of Birmingham to a point short of Mancheser.
Phase 2b more expensively (tunnel and Manchester) gets the entire route to Manchester finished.
In all case the HS2 trains are going to various destinations. They are not stopping in a field somwhere NW of Birmingham. They can continue on existing lines beyond the end of phase 1, or phase 2a.

The whole point is to avoid HS2 being a commuter railway for shorter journeys. Otherwise it will be useless for the longer distance travellers. HS2s purpose is to take pressure off the West Coast Mainline by getting the fastest trains on a purpose built line. Its sole purpose is not boosting the economy of the SE of England but also bringing the likes of Manchester and Birmingham into the sphere of benefits. Boosting the economy of the whole of the UK is what it is about - instead of stifling economic growth.

HS2 is not a white Elephant to the people who want and need a faster service between London, Birmingham, Manchester and beyond.
HS2 is not a white elephant to the people who use the stopping services on the South end of the West Coast Mail Line.
HS2 is not a white elephant to the freight operators who would love better paths on the Southern end of the West Coast Mail Line.

Allowing for more freight on the West Coast Mainline also might mean less pressure on the Chiltern route thus allowing more passenger trains there. People want more services there right ?.
 

MarkyT

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To amplify. Advice taken from people who have done it before us was to avoid intermediate stops unless you want all services to stop there (like Old Oak Common station and Birmingham Interchange station).
Not everything will stop at Interchange, but the station layout is integral to the larger delta junction, with additional lines to the Birmingham divergence, so a stopper can call and pull out again to Curzon Street all while other trains to Handsacre pass through at speed on the fast line.

A single huge parkway in the Chilterns with super fast trains to London could be highly extractive from other surrounding lines, possibly attracting drivers from as far away as Oxford and Milton Keynes. Large scale road upgrades would likely be required to cope. The impact of that and the likely development pressure around such a facility would be significant and highly controversial.

If there's a desire to backfill capacity on the southern part of the route not used by Phase 2 East, then a branch to serve some existing and perhaps new stations in the Chilterns might be better. I suggest a divergence just south of Wendover so the trains could join the classic route and serve Wendover, Aylesbury Town and Vale, then a new EWR station at Claydon (with island platfrom for easy interchange in all directions). A curve from the west to the old Buckingham branch could provide a new terminus, and an extension further to Brackley might be considered, forming an A43 parkway.

With the northbound 'Chiltern Bullet' trains not running on HS2 after their initial divergence and stop, then at least an additional fast path isn't wasted, but the continuation of the used path north of the divergence remains free nonetheless. I thus propose an additional north - west connection between HS2 and EWR, allowing fast XC services between the Midlands, Oxford, Reading and the South Coast to be rerouted via HS2 using the northern part of the same path. These could be planned Manchester - Birmingham HS trains reversing at Curzon Street. A call at Bicester Village might be incorporated to serve the Chilterns.
 

Bald Rick

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A single huge parkway in the Chilterns with super fast trains to London could be highly extractive from other surrounding lines, possibly attracting drivers from as far away as Oxford and Milton Keynes. Large scale road upgrades would likely be required to cope. The impact of that and the likely development pressure around such a facility would be significant and highly controversial.

Exactly. Gare de bettaraves this would not be.
 

MatthewHutton

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To amplify. Advice taken from people who have done it before us was to avoid intermediate stops unless you want all services to stop there (like Old Oak Common station and Birmingham Interchange station)
You say this. And yet it’s not what has been done in practice.

Newer lines like the Nagasaki Shinkansen, the Hokuriku Shinkansen, Stuttgart-Ulm in Germany, Mumbai-Ahmedabad etc all have frequent intermediate stops.

Exactly. Gare de bettaraves this would not be.
It wouldn’t be extractive if it was north of Aylesbury and especially wouldn’t if it had higher fares to London than from comparable stations.

Looking at the ODM results for Princes Risborough, and scaling up by a factor of 10 you might see
Princes Risborough doesn’t even have direct service to Birmingham and changing at Haddenham and Thame would make trip times probably half an hour slower than driving to the city centre. It’s not really comparable.

however given currently the Aylesbury stations don't even see 300,000 to London
Haddenham and Thame has 600,000 currently to London.

Repeating something again and again that isn't true doesn't in any way make it more true. 35 miles isn't far enough and you've not given any examples to the contrary.
Every Shinkansen line, Taiwan HSR, Frankfurt-Cologne, Nuremberg-Munich, Nuremberg-Erfurt, Stuttgart-Ulm, HSL 4 etc.
Do you have a reference to TGVs going to Sens? French Wikipedia says nothing about this.
They don’t run anymore as the people chose to have more Paris service. But there’s a junction south of Sens to support them.
I'm interested to hear what prices you'd expect to be setting to get approximately even numbers doing Aylesbury - London as Aylesbury - Birmingham
Because it’s Aylesbury+Oxford+Bicester+the surrounding towns to Birmingham and Manchester and likely other destinations with changes.

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There won’t be any 1 minute dwells on HS2 stock.
The time delay now for a stop at didcot parkway over a through service at 200km/h is 4 minutes. So why with some efficiency improvements is 5 not reachable for 300km/h?
 

Sorcerer

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You say this. And yet it’s not what has been done in practice.

Newer lines like the Nagasaki Shinkansen, the Hokuriku Shinkansen, Stuttgart-Ulm in Germany, Mumbai-Ahmedabad etc all have frequent intermediate stops.
Every Shinkansen line, Taiwan HSR, Frankfurt-Cologne, Nuremberg-Munich, Nuremberg-Erfurt, Stuttgart-Ulm, HSL 4 etc.
Once again it must be pointed out that most intermediate stops are either due to political pressures rather than because they are actually practical, or in the case of Shinkansen lines it's because they are actually connecting major centres of industry. Even then you have capacity loss as we see on the Tokkaido Shinkansen which now needs a relief line through the Chuo Shinkansen (whether it should've been a Maglev or not is it's own debate).

HS2 was never intended to be a second West Coast Main Line connecting towns and cities, it was specifically designed to connect urban centres allowing them to be taken off the classic lines which can serve the areas in-between. Including intermediate stations in rural areas which are already connected to both London and Birmingham was never the point, so adding intermediates on a high-speed line is an unnecessary expense.

If you're going to keep using other country's examples to argue why HS2 should do otherwise then you should at least appreciate the context, otherwise the debate is just going round in circles.
 

MatthewHutton

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Once again it must be pointed out that most intermediate stops are either due to political pressures rather than because they are actually practical, or in the case of Shinkansen lines it's because they are actually connecting major centres of industry.
Why do you think the intermediate stops in other countries aren’t practical?


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HS2 was never intended to be a second West Coast Main Line connecting towns and cities, it was specifically designed to connect urban centres allowing them to be taken off the classic lines which can serve the areas in-between
Except that isn’t the case.

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Even then you have capacity loss as we see on the Tokkaido Shinkansen which now needs a relief line through the Chuo Shinkansen (whether it should've been a Maglev or not is it's own debate).
The major cities on the Tokaido Shinkansen are much bigger than anywhere in Europe so the ridership from just serving them is much stronger than any other high speed line could manage.
 
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Sorcerer

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Why do you think the intermediate stops in other countries aren’t practical?
Because the role of high-speed rail is to connect major dense urban centres as part of a wider hub-and-spoke model where local trains connect passengers at large interchange stations, and in many cases to also serve as capacity relief by specifically taking long-distance intercity traffic off the classic lines so the local services can connect the smaller areas together with the big cities.

Unless you're talking about a Parkway station which has a large urban catchment that can justify the extra cost such as Old Oak Common or Birmingham Interchange it is simply not worth the expenditure. There's a reason that nobody wants to reopen the Kent stations on the Eurostar network; they are too operationally costly compared to the catchment and passenger numbers unlike the central urban hub that is St Pancras.

Except that isn’t the case.
It is absolutely the case.
 

MatthewHutton

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Unless you're talking about a Parkway station which has a large urban catchment that can justify the extra cost such as Old Oak Common or Birmingham Interchange it is simply not worth the expenditure. There's a reason that nobody wants to reopen the Kent stations on the Eurostar network; they are too operationally costly compared to the catchment and passenger numbers unlike the central urban hub that is St Pancras.
The Kent ones are a pretty terrible example as those have to have customs and passport people so much higher costs than any other station.

Plus you aren’t exactly far from London St Pancras from all of them.

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It is absolutely the case.
It isn’t. Because in almost cases high speed lines aren’t running the absolute maximum number of trains with a high level of ridership.
 

Sorcerer

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The Kent ones are a pretty terrible example as those have to have customs and passport people so much higher costs than any other station.
Quite, but if the passenger numbers made it worth the operational expenditure then Eurostar or any of it's potential competitors would've been willing to front the costs, or perhaps the DfT. Even if you removed customs and passport control it's questionable.

Plus you aren’t exactly far from London St Pancras from all of them.
You are further away from London at Ashford than you are at Aylesbury, so if those passengers can make do with going into London for a connection then Aylesbury folk certainly can too, not withstanding already existing services available to them in both cases.

It isn’t. Because in almost cases high speed lines aren’t running the absolute maximum number of trains with a high level of ridership.
That doesn't change the fact that high-speed lines are specifically designed for dense urban centres and not rural intermediates. HS2 if done in full would've certainly seen maximum capacity and high ridership because it would be absorbing demand from intercity services on three trunk routes out of London.
 

MatthewHutton

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Quite, but if the passenger numbers made it worth the operational expenditure then Eurostar or any of it's potential competitors would've been willing to front the costs, or perhaps the DfT. Even if you removed customs and passport control it's questionable.
The costs are probably 20x higher to stop a Eurostar at Ashford than another high speed service somewhere else where the station needs like 2-3 on duty staff to be functional.

You are further away from London at Ashford than you are at Aylesbury
38 minutes from Ashford to St Pancras is much shorter than Aylesbury to Euston and is almost certainly shorter than Aylesbury to Old Oak Common. 19 minutes from Ebbsfleet to St Pancras is even quicker.

Plus geography limits the catchment area of both stations a fair bit.

Plus geography means trips times by car are pretty long. Paris-Ashford by road takes 5.5 hours.

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HS2 if done in full would've certainly seen maximum capacity and high ridership
That is highly doubtful. Certainly not to Tokaido Shinkansen levels it wouldn’t.
 

D365

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If you're going to keep using other country's examples to argue why HS2 should do otherwise then you should at least appreciate the context, otherwise the debate is just going round in circles.
12 pages and counting says that we are going round in circles!

That is highly doubtful. Certainly not to Tokaido Shinkansen levels it wouldn’t.
So you think that the projected 15tph of a HS2 completed in full (i.e. all of Phase 2) would not have been comparable to Shinkansen levels of service?
 

Sorcerer

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38 minutes from Ashford to St Pancras and 19 from Ebbsfleet to London is much shorter than Aylesbury to Euston and is almost certainly shorter than Aylesbury to Old Oak Common.
Then the argument here is to improve Aylesbury to London services, not hold back HS2 for the sake of a rural area that it was never intended to serve at the expense of those it was.

Plus geography limits the catchment area of both stations a fair bit.
Therefore they are not suitable for high-speed rail services.

That is highly doubtful. Certainly not to Tokaido Shinkansen levels it wouldn’t.
It was literally the plan - 17tph absorbing all the intercity WCML, MML and ECML traffic which would serve about 70-100 million passengers (not accounting for suppressed demand potentially pushing those numbers higher).

In a country of 65 million, that's pretty comparable to the 160 million passengers on the Tokkaido Shinkansen proportional to Japan's roughly 125 million population.

12 pages and counting says that we are going round in circles!
I can be many kinds of stubborn. :lol:
 
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MatthewHutton

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It was literally the plan - 17tph absorbing all the intercity WCML, MML and ECML traffic which would serve about 70-100 million passengers (not accounting for suppressed demand potentially pushing those numbers higher).
So that means if we take the view that 70-100 is reasonable (which I think it is - albeit perhaps a little optimistic) then you are using 1/2 to 2/3rds of the railways capacity and have quite a bit of spare capacity left.

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Therefore they are not suitable for high-speed rail services
Ashford to France, yes I agree.

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Then the argument here is to improve Aylesbury to London services
What about if you want to travel north?
 

Sorcerer

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So that means if we take the view that 70-100 is reasonable (which I think it is - albeit perhaps a little optimistic) then you are using 1/2 to 2/3rds of the railways capacity and have quite a bit of spare capacity left.
Running 17tph isn't far off the maximum technical capabilities which could be 18-24tph at a push (I doubt the latter though because these are high-speed trains with long start and stopping distances, nor Victoria Line stock with frequent stop-start patterns).

Even if there was any spare capacity left HS2 is also building for the future growth as well as present numbers. I also doubt rail planners ever regretted adding too much capacity to rail lines in most cases.

What about if you want to travel north?
You could change at Birmingham Moor Street and walk to Curzon Street or New Street nearby. It's not like HS2 will be the only rail line the Chilterns have, it'll just be the one that doesn't bring an immediate benefit but may otherwise offer indirect ones like increased rail capacity on the classic routes.
 

MatthewHutton

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You could change at Birmingham Moor Street and walk to Curzon Street or New Street nearby. It's not like HS2 will be the only rail line the Chilterns have, it'll just be the one that doesn't bring an immediate benefit but may otherwise offer indirect ones like increased rail capacity on the classic routes.
You cannot do this from anywhere affected by the HS2 construction south of Birmingham.
Even if there was any spare capacity left HS2 is also building for the future growth as well as present numbers.
70-100 must include future growth.

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Running 17tph isn't far off the maximum technical capabilities
Agreed.

But given trains are stopping at Birmingham interchange there is capacity in there for stops. So you therefore have 2 stops including interchange without having a hit on capacity.
 

Bald Rick

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It wouldn’t be extractive if it was north of Aylesbury and especially wouldn’t if it had higher fares to London than from comparable stations.

It would be abstractive, unquestionably.


The time delay now for a stop at didcot parkway over a through service at 200km/h is 4 minutes. So why with some efficiency improvements is 5 not reachable for 300km/h?


What improvements do you propose? Perhaps making Newton’s first law more efficient?
 

Bald Rick

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The Japanese certainly do 300-0-300 in under 5 minutes and most likely 4 to 4.5. You can see that from the timetable. So it’s not wildly silly.

Perhaps they do, I don’t know. SNCF take 7 mins from 300, sometimes more. We often take 6 mins from 200km/h, sometimes more.

The point is you cannot assume the very best that applies on one railway in a different set up and with a different culture would apply here.

From where?

That depends where your station is. I assume it’s going to be near some centre of population?
 

MatthewHutton

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Perhaps they do, I don’t know. SNCF take 7 mins from 300
With a locomotive hauled train, one door per carriage and double decker trains. I think we can do better than that.

I certainly think we can expect to hit British best practice with modern trains.

That depends where your station is. I assume it’s going to be near some centre of population?
The obvious location to limit extraction but still make it useful going north is where it crosses east west rail.
 

Bald Rick

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With a locomotive hauled train, one door per carriage and double decker trains.

And single deckers.

I certainly think we can expect to hit British best practice with modern trains.

But that’s my point, what is ‘best’ in this context?

The obvious location to limit extraction but still make it useful going north is where it crosses east west rail.

which would abstract heavily from passengers from Bicester, Banbury, Brackley, Buckingham, Towcester and the west side of MK.

How much have you allowed for the necessary improvements to the road network in your estimate?
 

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