Any Avanti stations (well all the ones I'm familiar with) would come under "mandatory dispatch" 24hrs per day. I've found myself waiting at Crewe on many occasions for a dispatcher and just have to lump it. If the staff go sick with no cover then the station closes.My TOC rules are that we have mandatory dispatch assistance at two stations (three during morning peak). Everywhere else, if dispatcher is not present I am authorised and trained to dispatch alone. They are generally there to assist with crowding more than anything.
Manchester Oxford Road were using them during covid but they didn't really stick around afterwards.There are actually electronic "whistle boxes" that don't require the use of the mouth, they are just as loud! One of the Isle of Wight guards uses one.
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Control can authorise a guard to self-dispatch (and there may be local instructions in some locations too) but that's completely different to just going "there's no one here, I'll just go". That would get a guard taken off trains here.If ever there are staffing issues, in which a call to the relevant department of said TOC needs to be made.