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Yet another Talyllyn Railway question (Corris also featuring in this one)

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Calthrop

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Feel that I appear to make rather a lot of posts on Railway History & Nostalgia, to do with the Tallylyn Railway in its eighty-five years of pre-preservation history; but it does strike me that, especially for such an essentially modest and out-of-the-way concern: the TR has in its career, produced perhaps more than its fair share of oddities and tantalising queries.

One such recently come to mind for me, involves a long-standing item of prominent tourism-fodder in this particular corner of Gwynedd. There features here, the business of access for visitors to Tal-y-llyn Lake and its imposing mountainous close surroundings. In the days before widespread car ownership, frequent excursions were run -- public and private -- to and round the Lake; involving use of the Talyllyn Railway and / or its 2ft. 3in. gauge "twin" the Corris Railwary, and in the rail-less high country between the two, wherein the Lake lies, using road transport -- originally horse-drawn, later employing "multi-occupant" motor vehicles. With this traffic being a regular feature; it went without saying that people would conceive schemes to facilitate and increase it, by extending the two narrow-gauge railways and linking them with each other, with the new rail route running alongside, and serving, the Lake.

Such schemes flourished particularly, around the turn of the 19th / 20th centuries. I had had in my mind: that I'd read of a particularly enterprising version thereof, which envisaged not only extending the railways from their upper reaches, and physically linking them; but of using electric traction for the whole new narrow-gauge system thus created -- electrifying the hitherto-steam existing lines; the new part, electric from the outset (whether sticking with 2ft. 3in. -- or converting to some other gauge -- was envisaged, I wasn't sure). Metre-gauge doings in Switzerland in the minds of folk at the time, perhaps? But: if I ever did read about this "electrification" element in such schemes -- I've seen nothing about it, in various recent reading to do with the Talyllyn and Corris lines. L.T.C. Rolt in Railway Adventure -- during what, in the book, he acknowledges to be a rapid trot through the TR's pre-1951 history, not claiming it to be blow-by-blow chronicling -- just writes: "[excursion via the Lake] traffic grew steadily ... an estimate of its importance may be gathered from the proposal to construct an extension railway from Abergynolwyn via Talyllyn Lake to the Corris Railway at Upper Corris. It would have involved a line costly to build and difficult to work, but ... [noteworthy that] it was seriously advanced with an eye to tourist attraction alone ..." ; he says nothing about the electrification aspect.

Am finding self wondering whether I have ever in fact read in any work on the Talyllyn / Corris topic, about dreams thus, on anyone's part a century-plus ago, of electric narrow gauge between Tywyn and Machynlleth; or whether this whole "electric" thing was -- from my reading long ago, as above, less way-out stuff on the "mooted extension" theme -- in fact a flight of fancy of my own: which memory, fading and distorting itself over the decades, has led me to think erroneously that I actually read about, in who-now-knows-what book touching on the subject. I'd be grateful for input from anyone: best of all, if possible, informing either that the business has been written about and published (citing the work concerned); or from a very well-informed student of the Welsh narrow gauge, confirming that they've never seen anything in print about any electrification scheme -- suggesting that in fact I did dream it up "out of whole cloth".
 
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eldomtom2

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Are you sure you're not confusing it with the proposed electrification of the North Wales Narrow Gauge/Welsh Highland?
 

Calthrop

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Feeling that at this stage, anything's possible; but I've been aware from way back, of the plans -- which came to nothing -- for electrification of that "2-foot" gauge route. Had the notion that I had read something, about someone's "pipe dream" re electrifying as well as extending, the 2ft. 3in. gauge further south; but ... ?
 

DerekC

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I just did a very rough plot on the OS map of a route along the obvious alignment past Talyllyn Lake and through the pass east of Dol-ffanog to Upper Corris. It rises from 80m AOD at Abergynolwyn to about 210m AOD at the summit, in 5.3km - so gradient of 1 in 42. Tough, but not absolutely impossible even with steam. It would have needed a couple of fairly significant viaducts over side valleys but no tunnels. Limiting the gradient to 1 in 100 would need a summit tunnel around 2km long.
 

Calthrop

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That would have been a fine and impressive thing, with whatever kind of traction; had it come to be, it might have conferred a longer and happier life on the Corris Railway, or at least part of it (or the whole realised enterprise might, conversely, have been a failure -- disastrous economically -- meaning that the whole lot would now be long-vanished: no happy preservation story for the Talyllyn !). Whatever the fate of this putative system; it would, for sure, have radically altered the character of its original two constituent lines.
 

Pigeon

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Volume 11 "North and Mid Wales" of the Regional History of Railways of Great Britain series mentions an unsuccessful plan in 1907 for an electrified extension of the Corris Uchaf branch to the Talyllyn. Unfortunately that is absolutely all it says. So I guess that's at least a bare confirmation by published source, but the intriguing mystery remains.
 

DerekC

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Humphrey Household's "Narrow Gauge Railways" Volume "Wales and the Western Front" has quite a lot abut the Corris, including a considerable amount about its ownership from 1878 by Imperial Tramways (which incidentally was also involved with the PB&SSR - predecessor of the Welsh Highland) and the activities of General Manager J R Dix in developing tourist traffic to Talyllyn Lake. This was done using horsedrawn wagonettes, and later motor buses. The book includes the following on the possible extension:

"During the early 1900s there was discussion of extending the railway itself to Talyllyn Lake and forming a junction with the Talyllyn Railway at Abergynolwyn. As each had been built to the same gauge, trains would then have been able to run through between Machynlleth and Towyn, two places already linked by the standard gauge coast line, thereby offering an attractive circular tour for visitors. But such an extension would have involved either driving a long tunnel under the Upper Corris pass or making the connection by a steep electric tramway running alongside the road. However since October 1887 the Corris had been managed by the Imperial Tramways associate, the Bristol Tramways and Carriage Company, which presently became extensive builders and operators of motor vehicles, including the once familiar Blue Taxis. By 1909 O’Sullivan …." (who had been appointed in 1907 when J R Dix was sacked) …. "was considering hiring Bristol motor vehicles for the road service to the lake. …. O’Sullivan could not have failed to appreciate that a road motor would make the costly extension of rails to Abergynolwyn unnecessary."

So @Calthrop - you didn't imagine it. Mr Household refers to "the small but valuable collection of original material preserved by the GWR and now lodged in the Public Record Office at Kew" - so if you want to know more, a trip to the National Archives looks to be in order!
 
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Llanigraham

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There were certainly proposals to link the Corris, via the Upper Corris Tramway that branched from the "main" line at Maespoeth to Abergynolwyn. At least one of those proposals was for a tunnel through the mountain, and allegedly you can walk through mining tunnels between the Bryn Eglwys mines above Nant Gwernol to the north and those on the Corris side.
There were various proposals for hydro schemes, both for the railway and to power the mines, their works and even the villages. Corris Village Institue was powered by a hydro generator and the Pelton wheel from that is on the platform at Maespoeth.
 

Calthrop

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Humphrey Household's "Narrow Gauge Railways" Volume "Wales and the Western Front" has quite a lot abut the Corris, including a considerable amount about its ownership from 1878 by Imperial Tramways (which incidentally was also involved with the PB&SSR - predecessor of the Welsh Highland) and the activities of General Manager J R Dix in developing tourist traffic to Talyllyn Lake. This was done using horsedrawn wagonettes, and later motor buses. The book includes the following on the possible extension:



So @Calthrop - you didn't imagine it. Mr Household refers to "the small but valuable collection of original material preserved by the GWR and now lodged in the Public Record Office at Kew" - so if you want to know more, a trip to the National Archives looks to be in order!

This has me feeling a bit of an ass: I recently acquired and read Household's Wales and the Western Front; but in reading, I clearly "blanked on" his speculative reference here, to the steep electric tramway ! Trying to convince self that I'm not completely in senile dementia's grip -- this is rather a "throwaway" mention by him in passing: he doesn't spell out, ideas of electrifying the entire notional 2ft. 3in. gauge system; and I'd thought that I had, "whenever", read something by some bright spark (ha ha), to the effect that planners back a century-and-a-quarter or so ago had considered including in the project, making the whole lot electric. As said above, however: wonder whether the "electrifying it all" idea is actually something which I fantasised -- perhaps inspired by the "tramway" words in Household's book, which I first read a good many years ago (a library-borrowed copy).


There were certainly proposals to link the Corris, via the Upper Corris Tramway that branched from the "main" line at Maespoeth to Abergynolwyn. At least one of those proposals was for a tunnel through the mountain, and allegedly you can walk through mining tunnels between the Bryn Eglwys mines above Nant Gwernol to the north and those on the Corris side.
There were various proposals for hydro schemes, both for the railway and to power the mines, their works and even the villages. Corris Village Institue was powered by a hydro generator and the Pelton wheel from that is on the platform at Maespoeth.

Interesting -- thanks. I at any rate tend to feel that the Ffestiniog and its allied "2-foot" gauge lines, were in terms of that time and place, the industrial powerhouse / technical cutting-edge scene / "think-tank"; with the 2ft. 3in. further south being in comparison the benighted, backward country cousins. One sees here -- not altogether so; electric matters were on the scene down south too, in both planning and actuality.

== Doublepost prevention - post automatically merged: ==


Volume 11 "North and Mid Wales" of the Regional History of Railways of Great Britain series mentions an unsuccessful plan in 1907 for an electrified extension of the Corris Uchaf branch to the Talyllyn. Unfortunately that is absolutely all it says. So I guess that's at least a bare confirmation by published source, but the intriguing mystery remains.

Confirming indeed, that there were some thoughts of electric traction re the putative extended system: but the "electrifying-the-lot" notion -- really don't know where that came from; suspect, just my own head...
 
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DerekC

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There were certainly proposals to link the Corris, via the Upper Corris Tramway that branched from the "main" line at Maespoeth to Abergynolwyn. At least one of those proposals was for a tunnel through the mountain, and allegedly you can walk through mining tunnels between the Bryn Eglwys mines above Nant Gwernol to the north and those on the Corris side.
There were various proposals for hydro schemes, both for the railway and to power the mines, their works and even the villages. Corris Village Institue was powered by a hydro generator and the Pelton wheel from that is on the platform at Maespoeth.
I am not at all sure about the "tunnel through the mountain". I haven't seen any discussion on the mine exploration websites of an underground connection between Corris and Bryn Eglwys, and it's the sort of thing that gets them excited! It's about four miles as the hard rock tunneller digs. I think the prospective tunnel would more likely have been under the Upper Corris pass.

One issue I hadn't thought of until re-reading Humphrey Household is that the tourist attraction was Talyllyn Lake itself, so a railway on a rock shelf a couple of hundred feet above the lake climbing hard to get up to the pass wouldn't have met the need. A railway ascending from the lake to the pass would have been much steeper. Even if you started the climb at the western end of the lake (where the hotels are) it would be about 2 1/2 miles at 1 in 30 to get up to the pass without a tunnel. Doable with electric traction, but beyond the limit for economic steam operation, I would have thought. I wonder if any maps of the proposal exist!
 

341o2

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Indeed, the Corris station at Machynlleth proudly proclaimed "Corris Railway Station, Cader Idris, and Talyyllyn Lake"
The 1887 timetable shows connecting services to the Lake by road.
There is, of course, the enigma as to why the other railway is named after a lake that it had no serious intention of extending to
 

DerekC

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Indeed, the Corris station at Machynlleth proudly proclaimed "Corris Railway Station, Cader Idris, and Talyyllyn Lake"
The 1887 timetable shows connecting services to the Lake by road.
There is, of course, the enigma as to why the other railway is named after a lake that it had no serious intention of extending to
Yes - I was just wondering about that. Did the Talyllyn never even think about it? It's about 2 1/2 miles of nearly level track with a couple of smallish viaducts.
 

eldomtom2

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There is, of course, the enigma as to why the other railway is named after a lake that it had no serious intention of extending to
Wasn't it because the railway is partly in Talyllyn parish?
 

DerekC

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Wasn't it because the railway is partly in Talyllyn parish?
The Talyllyn Railway's history page says the following:

https://www.talyllyn.co.uk/about/history/part2/

The reason for the railway’s name is unclear; Talyllyn Lake is 3 ¼ miles from Abergynolwyn, and there has never been any serious intention to extend to this well-known beauty spot. A possible explanation is that the railway would terminate in the parish of Talyllyn
 

Calthrop

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There is, of course, the enigma as to why the other railway is named after a lake that it had no serious intention of extending to
Wasn't it because the railway is partly in Talyllyn parish?

J.I.C. Boyd, commencing his wide-ranging history of the TR pre-preservation, muses briefly (and no more definitely-answering, than anyone posting or citing here) on "how come the name?" -- wondering, but not "plugging" a particular answer: "Does it imply that the promoters had some territorial ambitions beyond that of simply linking Quarry and coast by rail? Did they mean to reach Talyllyn itself or even link with Corris? Perhaps it was but a simple title taken from the district at the upper end of the line (as 'Festiniog' or 'Corris')?"
 

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The railway claimed to the Railway Inspectorate back in 1865 that passenger numbers would be minimal (to persuade them to pass the line fit for traffic) - quoted by Rolt in Railway Adventure.
 

341o2

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Yes - I was just wondering about that. Did the Talyllyn never even think about it? It's about 2 1/2 miles of nearly level track with a couple of smallish viaducts.
The extension to Nant Gwernol over existing TR tracks required quite a lot of earthworks, including the use of dynamite on certain embankments
 

Pigeon

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I am not at all sure about the "tunnel through the mountain". I haven't seen any discussion on the mine exploration websites of an underground connection between Corris and Bryn Eglwys, and it's the sort of thing that gets them excited! It's about four miles as the hard rock tunneller digs. I think the prospective tunnel would more likely have been under the Upper Corris pass.

I agree. I can't see that any of the reasons things like that come to exist in mines apply here, particularly since we're talking about underground slate quarrying, in Wales, and in that particular set of quarries. Such underground connections between operations as do exist in places like Blaenau are basically only there because there are so many all crammed in on top of each other, and mostly aren't deliberate or even desired.

Not sure it would have been all that suitable anyway, even if there was one - likely to have been some or all of too small, too wiggly, or too unstable for a passenger railway, not to mention all those precipitous rope-worked inclines between the quarries and the railway proper. I don't think the Inspectorate would have liked it very much at all.
 

DerekC

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The extension to Nant Gwernol over existing TR tracks required quite a lot of earthworks, including the use of dynamite on certain embankments
Indeed it did, but the logical route onward to Talyllyn Lake would have diverged from the line to the quarry roughly where the village incline winding house used to be and run straight on as the quarry line turns east, onto a 150 yard, 100 foot high viaduct over Nant Gwernol and back onto a hillside shelf, the track keeping more or less level as the valley floor rises to meet it. A second viaduct of similar size over Nant Iago would have been needed, followed by a section running very close to the Avon Dysinni approaching the lake outfall. Then a station close to the hotels and the start of the grade heading up to the pass on another hillside shelf, with spectacular views across the lake to Cader Idris! Imagine a Welsh version of the Manx Electric Railway. If only.....
 

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I would have thought that when the line was promoted the possibility of it continuing through to Talyllyn Lake for tourist traffic, either at the time of original construction or in the (then) foreseeable future, were pretty well zero. They would have been the equivalent of the modern-day crayonista (‘chalkista?’). Central Wales did not see large numbers of tourists descending on summer weekends or bank-holidays, which could provide enough revenue to keep the line going on goods and the minimal local passenger traffic for the rest of the year. The small numbers who did stay in the area might take the train for the odd picnic, but not in the large numbers required.
 

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The stark difference between the Talyllyn and the Corris, I think, was that the latter was run by entrepreneurial managers (first Dix and then O'Sullivan) who saw an opportunity in the emerging tourist industry in the 1880s and onwards and did something about it, both in terms of providing coaching stock (the bogie coaches with extensive glazing) and connecting road transport. According to Household, income from passengers (including from road transport) increased to nearly 50% of revenue. I haven't seen comparable figures for the Talyllyn, but it seems to have been much more inward looking and focused on Bryn Eglwys and slate, with local passengers provided for as a public service rather than a source of much profit. It didn't, therefore, see the opportunity which was pretty much under its nose! Whether that would ever have justified an extension is another thing, but it could have run road transport from Abergynolwyn to the lake without much trouble.
 

341o2

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Indeed, the Talyllyn was built primarily to transport slate, passenger traffic almost seemed to be an afterthought.
I am not going to recount the entire history of the quarries, but the railway came into existence because of the American Civil War.
Supplies of cotton to the Lancashire mills were cut off overnight, and the owners of the country's largest mill, the McConnell family, decided to develop the Bryn Eglwys quarries, so the TR was born.
In its original form, Warf was a yard for the transshipment of slate to the Cambrian Railway. Passenger services started at Pendre and terminated at Abergnolwyn.
While initially successful, towards the end of the 19th century, demand for slate was diminishing, but things changed overnight (again) with a strike at the Penrhyn quarry, which lasted for five years. McConnell sold as much slate as he could, during this period, without any thought for the quarry's future, as his lease was due to expire in 1910.
So the quarry closed and was reopened by Haydn Jones, who kept both it and the railway working, making up any deficit himself
 
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Taunton

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There is, of course, the enigma as to why the other railway is named after a lake that it had no serious intention of extending to
A notable number of mid-west USA railroads were named "xxx, xxx and Pacific", when they had no real intention of reaching the Pacific Ocean and were more than 1,000 miles from it. Bit more than a lake of course. It was apparently done to attract investors.

Maybe the Talyllyn should have been named the "Towyn, Abergynolwyn and Adriatic" :)
 

Calthrop

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A notable number of mid-west USA railroads were named "xxx, xxx and Pacific", when they had no real intention of reaching the Pacific Ocean and were more than 1,000 miles from it. Bit more than a lake of course. It was apparently done to attract investors.

Maybe the Talyllyn should have been named the "Towyn, Abergynolwyn and Adriatic" :)

As the American railroad enthusiast and author Lucius Beebe (fl. some three-quarters of a century ago) affectionately wrote: "they were all little lines, and all going to the Pacific".
 

DerekC

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A notable number of mid-west USA railroads were named "xxx, xxx and Pacific", when they had no real intention of reaching the Pacific Ocean and were more than 1,000 miles from it. Bit more than a lake of course. It was apparently done to attract investors.

Maybe the Talyllyn should have been named the "Towyn, Abergynolwyn and Adriatic" :)
Not just in the USA. The Manchester and Milford comes to mind, in the same part of the world. Although they did intend to get to both Manchester and Milford, I suppose. Just didn't make it further than mid Wales! This sounds like a good subject for another thread.
 

341o2

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A notable number of mid-west USA railroads were named "xxx, xxx and Pacific", when they had no real intention of reaching the Pacific Ocean and were more than 1,000 miles from it. Bit more than a lake of course. It was apparently done to attract investors.

Maybe the Talyllyn should have been named the "Towyn, Abergynolwyn and Adriatic" :)
but you have missed out Dolgoch
 
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