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Break up of Network Rail?

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philjo

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The Times is today reporting (page 39, Business section) the Dft are considering breaking up part of Network Rail & allowing the train operators to directly own the track and/or stations on their route.
They are proposing to trial this with the new East Anglia & c2c franchises as they are self-contained routes.
 
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GB

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Surely one of the main benifits of having infrastructure seperate from TOCs is impartiality?

I can't imagine a toc doing work when it will have a negative affect on their services? and what about freight?
 

MrC

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allowing the train operators to directly own the track and/or stations on their route.

I've a suspicion that the Times have the wrong end of the stick here. How can a franchisee be allowed to 'own' the infrastructure when they're only operating the trains etc over a short-term period? Surely they'll just be responsible for operating the infrastructure in much the same way as they already do for stations etc?

How will this affect longer term strategies such as maintenance and upgrades etc? How will it affect things like vegetation clearance and RHTTs etc? Will the TOCs end up employing NR as a subcontractor to actually carry out the work as they'll have no expertise themselves?

Are we going to see large amounts of infrastructure staff transferred to various operating company payrolls under TUPE?

Interesting times......
 

Malderon

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I was under the impression that the track and the services had to be seperate by EU directive. Even in France/Germany where its still state owned they have to nominally split up the two parts into two companies.
 

WatcherZero

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Way it could work is infrastructure value is indepedently assessed and the franchisee pays this price, at the end of the franchise the same thing happens and the franchisee gets the value of the infrastructure then. So if they have made significant capital investment its reflected in the value, however if they have skimped on maintenence they will get less than they paid for it.
 

DarloRich

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My view, as I have said before, is in an ideal world the Government (At least the Conservative section!) would prefer to break up NR and use a vertical integration system based upon the old BR Regions. They believe this would allow for more accountability, financial control, independence, and competition. They seem to feel NR is to expensive and not liaising with the TOCS enough.
 

Greenback

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They seem to feel NR is to expensive and not liaising with the TOCS enough.

They may have a point there! The artificial creation that is NR is not fit for purpose. It is bound to go at some point, as it is a child of New Labour!
 

MrC

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I was under the impression that the track and the services had to be seperate by EU directive. Even in France/Germany where its still state owned they have to nominally split up the two parts into two companies.

I think they can get around this by having a separate infrastructure group with it's own cost centres etc within the relevant franchisee.

However, thinking a bit more about this, it makes a lot more sense for infrastructure operations to be taken over or even owned outright by the franchisee's holding companies (eg DB, First and Stagecoach) rather than TOCs (eg Chiltern, FGW and SWT) themselves. The holding companies would then charge their subsidiaries for running the infrastructure on their behalf. I bet that would meet the EU directive's conditions and would have the plus point of making future rollout across freight operations and franchises such as XC a bit more practical.
 

DarloRich

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They may have a point there! The artificial creation that is NR is not fit for purpose. It is bound to go at some point, as it is a child of New Labour!

but there is an argument that NR are not harsh ENOUGTH with the TOCS. Some suggest they should simply be told what is going to happen and when. After all they get the benefit in the long run (and compenstaion in the short term)

I am not saying that i agree mind you!
 

Greenback

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but there is an argument that NR are not harsh ENOUGTH with the TOCS. Some suggest they should simply be told what is going to happen and when. After all they get the benefit in the long run (and compenstaion in the short term)

I am not saying that i agree mind you!

That argument rather conflicts with the prevailing view a few years ago that NR did not liaise witht he TOC's enough!

Maybe a happy medium can be found, but I think it's too late now as NR is ultimately doomed!
 

Gareth Marston

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I was under the impression that the track and the services had to be seperate by EU directive. Even in France/Germany where its still state owned they have to nominally split up the two parts into two companies.

The directive actually says the accounts for infrastructure and services have to be separated, thereby allowing Open Access .The rest of europe read it correctly in the UK it was used as an excuse to try out a right wing think tanks untried theory on the creation of multiple private sector profit making centers. An experiment that's never been repeated anywhere else.
 

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Surely one of the main benifits of having infrastructure seperate from TOCs is impartiality?

I can't imagine a toc doing work when it will have a negative affect on their services? and what about freight?
So how do you think the Big 4 and their constituents operate from the inception of the Railways then ?

It is an accepted fact that the heyday of the Railways was between the Wars when the Railways were under private ownership.

If we accept your argument you also would have to include BR in that.
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...The rest of europe read it correctly in the UK it was used as an excuse to try out a right wing think tanks untried theory on the creation of multiple private sector profit making centers. An experiment that's never been repeated anywhere else.
Quite obviously you are completely unaware of European Railways, and the various passenger and freight Companies, many of whom operate Internationally.

You also appear to be unaware that the EU has declared the UK Privatisation method as its preferred option.

I do not offer an opinion other than to suggest you need to establish facts before making bold statements.
 
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yorksrob

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You also appear to be unaware that the EU has declared the UK Privatisation method as its preferred option.

This would seem to imply more about the competence - or lack of it of the EU than anything to do with the post.

Whatever the preferred option of the EU, our fellow member states have so far managed to avoid implementing it in full whereas our Governments, including Major's, have blithely danced along to their tune.
 

Old Timer

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This would seem to imply more about the competence - or lack of it of the EU than anything to do with the post.

Whatever the preferred option of the EU, our fellow member states have so far managed to avoid implementing it in full whereas our Governments, including Major's, have blithely danced along to their tune.
Germany, Holland just to name two Countries ?
 

daikilo

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The directive actually says the accounts for infrastructure and services have to be separated, thereby allowing Open Access .The rest of europe read it correctly in the UK it was used as an excuse to try out a right wing think tanks untried theory on the creation of multiple private sector profit making centers. An experiment that's never been repeated anywhere else.

Indeed Gareth, thanks. This implies putting the infrastructure into a TOC would contravene the EU view on open access, unless of course the EU assumes such a scenario would welcome direct and open competition with the said TOC without restraint. Not sure e.g. C2C would welcome that.
 

yorksrob

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Much of Europe operates in this fashion, including non-EU Countries such as Norway for example.

Hardly an experiment as it is actually dictated by the EU

Do you think it's a good idea OT. Should we have done it?
 

LE Greys

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OK, assuming that it is possible, I would do things by repealing the Railways Act, 1947 and all subsequent Railway Acts. Therefore, British Railways would never have existed in law. The LNER, LMS, GWR and SR would still exist, their assets held in trust until now. Give it a delay, to allow the Big Four to reconvene their boards, set up their offices and float on the stock market, and then just let them get on with it.

It would create several areas where two companies had interlaced networks, especially in the West Midlands, Yorkshire and Scotland. The LMS used to have lines to Aberdeen, Grimsby and Bournemouth (via the S&D), while the LNER reached Liverpool, Chester (via the CLC) and Mallaig; the GWR reached Birkenhead, while the SR reached Padstow. Where sections have become isolated, you might need a few boundary changes, but the interlaced networks would give people a choice of companies without them ending up on the same route and getting in the way of each other. There is nothing to stop them having jointly-owned lines, or running powers over each other's lines (effectively Open Access). Thameslink, Crossrail, XC, TPX and the freight companies would all effectively become Open Access, although joint ownership is possible over some short sections. That's not unprecedented, the North Staffs owned about fifteen miles of track, but had services to Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham.

Still, the most important thing about owning your own assets is that you have ultimate responsibility for them. There would be nobody to blame for failure. Do people take better care of homes that they own or homes that they rent? Owner-occupiers know that they stand to lose everything if the roof falls in. More practically, it shortens discussion and procurement times if there is nobody else to consider. Vertically-integrated companies could order rolling stock with one board meeting, rewrite their timetables whenever they wanted and upgrade lines without consulting anyone else. It's worth remembering that they could also sell stock, withdraw services or close lines without consulting anyone else, but it's less likely to happen if they believed that a competitor could take advantage from it.

Time to correct a few mistakes.
 

Old Timer

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Do you think it's a good idea OT. Should we have done it?
The form of Privatisation taken in 1994 was based upon the Swedish template. For people to argue that this was an untried and untested "new" idea, simply shows their lack of knowledge.

What gets forgotten by everyone is that under BR the money to invest in the Railway system came only from the Government - HM Treasury. Ultimately HM Treasury only gets money by taxation or by borrowing.

The stability of any economy is measured by its debt ratio, and is why we are now having so many problems.

Hardly anyone on here can understand the simple concept that there is a limit to the amount of money any Government can generate through taxation and ultimately borrow without destabilising the economy - G Brown please note.

The money that has been invested in the Railway system in the UK could NEVER have been found from Government sources, and borrowing to invest would simply have reduced money available to other areas of the economy which depend upon Government money.

Those who shout loudest about Privatisation are also those who shout loudest about reducing money going into the NHS, Education, etc. They are simply unable to grasp the fact that money will always be in high demand and short supply. If you look at the money invested in the NHS, very, very little has changed (we have new buildings of course, and Doctors and Dentists are making fortunes) but in actual fact many NHS Trusts cannot afford to pay the lease costs on their brand new hospitals (Hinchingbroke being a perfect example) and are not employing Doctors/ nurses, etc, thus leaving the brand new wards permanently closed down.

If nothing else this proves that throwing money at "state owned/operated" organisations is not the answer.

Whilst we had some good people in BR we also had a far bigger pool of complete wasters who were completely inept at their jobs, and whose very existence caused us huge problems and waste.

Thameslink was blocked for decades by one idiot who would not see sense, claiming there was no market for the route !

We were hidebound by Trade Unions which existed simply to extract the maximum amount of money, overtime, etc for doing as little as possible.

We had a series of Socialist Governments who kow towed to the TUs to the point where any attempt to improve how we operated met with fierce opposition. The Railways were used by the various Labour Governments as instruments of their economic policy, normally related to pay restraint, and they reduced our subsidy by increasing at less than inflation, effectively a cut, although this was continually denied.

We were riddled with a form of insidious corruption, for example I remember stopping a fiddle that involved a relief signalman travelling some 30 odd miles south to work boxes whilst the relief signalman based in the south travelled 30 odd miles north to cover boxes there. Because they were paid overtime based on walking time, the total time to get there and back in just one day sometimes equated to nearly a complete day, and that was without the shift on top of that ! 28 hours for 8 hours work before enhancements.

I recall train crews demanding 12 hours to work short turns, which made many trips so uneconomic that it was cheaper to just withdraw the service.

I remember cases where train crew on a 7hr 30m turn would demand 12 hours if the train was only minutes late claiming that they could not get out and back in their turn, even though there was adequate standing time at destination. Attempts to try to stop this were met with threats of industrial action, which of course Management backed down from because ultimately the Minister did not want that and anyone who created such a scenario would have a relatively junior career path.

I could go on at length about the waste we had to endure. The TU Rep who made it impossible to manage unless she got her own way, and we ended up with over 60 odd different rosters, some only changing by a few minutes. It was always take and never give.

Privatisation was therefore inevitable given the state of ther Railway and the amount of money needed. Anyone who disputes that is simply idiotic.

That the money needed could NOT have been provided from Government is indisputable. It never could be.

The route "chosen" for Privatisation was not a Ministerial or indeed a Prime Ministerial decision in reality, and those who argue it was are simply playing a Political game. All Ministers and Governments of every persuasion and colour make decisions based upon what the civil servants tell them. That has always been the case. This is why in 1997 Labour set out on a course to Politicise the Civil Service and replace independent Civil Servants with either Labour appointees or those who were sympathetic to their ideals.

In the case of Major, the Treasury simply produced a number of proposals within which only one proposal was demonstrably better. This was how the model for Privatisation was chosen. It was not done by (as some would have you believe) Mrs Thatcher sitting with a small group of her Ministers deciding how to destroy the Railways.

The Treasury case was based upon a whole myriad of different Companies, each of whom would be paying Corporation Tax and employing people, again increasing Taxation Revenue.

That was why Labour did not renationalise.

Personally I dislike the Privatisation we have. I think it has been a disaster for the UK. Those who gambled on Bliar and Brown NOT renationalising withoiut compensation (as they repeated over and over again into the General Election) made a fortune. If you look at the relationship of those who did make massive amounts of money and in many cases became millionaires overnight, you will see a clear picture emerge.

I have argued both here and elsewhere that vertical privatisation could be implemented here very quickly and very easily, and still be compliant with the demands of the EU.

Network Rail is not the answer. It costs a fortune, is now swallowing up much of the money in running its ever growing organisation, and has embarked on policies towards its Contractor base that have effectively shrunk the labour market of qualified people whilst at the same time ensuring that future schemes will cost more becuase we now have insufficent numbers of engineers to achieve Network Rail's so called "plans". Those who are left in the UK are to some extent those incapable of taking up very highly paid jobs overseas, yet they will be the one's leading the new Modernisation schemes. I have already seen people I would not trust to run a bath being appointed to key positions in Network Rail project teams. One or two I have dismissed in the past because they were so incompetent that everything they touched turned to disaster.
 
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NightatLaira

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A very good post OT! And the privitisation-a-phobes on this forum should take good note of it!

As an ardent labour friend of mine is fond of saying: 'there are two things I can never forgive John Major for: "one is privatising the railways, two is not doing it properly!"

A modern take on the big 4? Get rid of the SRA and Network Rail - I'm game for it! And the modern culture of 'suing' should prevent against negligence and shoddy maintenance better as money is a language private business understands - even if governments seem to just think it grows on trees.
 

yorksrob

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The money that has been invested in the Railway system in the UK could NEVER have been found from Government sources, and borrowing to invest would simply have reduced money available to other areas of the economy which depend upon Government money.

Please explain what has been achieved by the last fifteen years of private investment which wasn't already being done before privatisation in terms of route modernisations, train construction, electrification schemes etc?

I have argued both here and elsewhere that vertical privatisation could be implemented here very quickly and very easily, and still be compliant with the demands of the EU.

I agree, if we must have privatisation, a vertically integrated system would be better.
 

WatcherZero

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Why are passenger numbers up 40% in the 15 years since privatisation when they fell 50% over 40 years under National Rail? Investment now is running at twice what it was at privatisation. Government subsidy is 5.5bn now when it was 3.5bn pre 95 (rebased 2008 prices), but governments share of the investment costs has actually fallen since 1993 50% down to a low of 30% in 2002 when it was widely recognised as too low and now its creeped back up to 45% and will fall again to 33% over the next 5 years.
 

yorksrob

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Why are passenger numbers up 40% in the 15 years since privatisation when they fell 50% over 40 years under National Rail? .

With the exception of the early nineties recession, passenger numbers were rising from around 1983. Wouldn't you expect a lot of this to have continued during the late 90's and noughties boom anyway?

Investment now is running at twice what it was at privatisation. Government subsidy is 5.5bn now when it was 3.5bn pre 95 (rebased 2008 prices), but governments share of the investment costs has actually fallen since 1993 50% down to a low of 30% in 2002 when it was widely recognised as too low and now its creeped back up to 45% and will fall again to 33% over the next 5 years.

If we get to the stage when the railway is running with less taxpayers money than in 1995 (as promised by the Government at the time) without major line closures or fare increases compared to 1995 (taking into account inflation of course) then I may be convinced by the privatisation model.
 

ainsworth74

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Why are passenger numbers up 40% in the 15 years since privatisation when they fell 50% over 40 years under National Rail?

Passenger numbers began to recover from about 1982 and since then (apart from a dip during the early 90s recession) passenger numbers have been going up and up. The growth seen by the railways since privatisation started towards the end of BR's time.

Edit: Damn it yorksrob beat me to it ;)
 

Old Timer

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Please explain what has been achieved by the last fifteen years of private investment which wasn't already being done before privatisation in terms of route modernisations, train construction, electrification schemes etc?.
You miss my point.

This was that the money spent on enhancements, new rolling stock, electrification, resignalling, etc, etc could NEVER have been found fron HM Treasury sources, unless spending on the other state operated services was cut.




A very good post OT! And the privitisation-a-phobes on this forum should take good note of it!
Thank you for your kind words


A modern take on the big 4? Get rid of the SRA and Network Rail - I'm game for it! And the modern culture of 'suing' should prevent against negligence and shoddy maintenance better as money is a language private business understands - even if governments seem to just think it grows on trees.
I agree.

No major Company will operate with poor safety standards or run an operation on shoddy maintenance. The previous major Infrastructure Contractors always had far higher Standards than Network Rail in every field, from the way they treated their staff, through pay, terms and conditions, to safety, and standards of maintenance.

Those who believe that God resides within Network Rail's golden glimmer need to wake up and realise that both Grayrigg and the recent derailment of a passenger train near Carlisle have happened under an effectively "Nationalised" Infrastructure Controller. Both were down to absolutely appalling maintenance, and this from an organisation that promised "excellence" in maintenance.

Track maintenance under Network Rail's "stewardship" has continued to fall, track quality has been on an ongoing downwards trend since 2003, and the costs of NR undertaking what maintenance it does do, has increased considerably.

All this whilst at the same time it has dumbed down training and recertification courses for its own staff whilst forcing its major Contractors to jump through ever smaller and higher hoops. When they fail or walk away NR then awards the work to one of its tame backstreet suppliers who pay their staff poorly, make them support their own training costs, and give them the minimum possible standard of PPE.

It is also the only organisation within the Railway Industry to be under formal investigation for deliberately operating a policy of under-reporting critical safety information. Something that I pointed out was happening many months ago.

If more people took the time to read the various RAIB Reports into freight train derailments and incidents (read passenger for freight soon) they would see an underlying trend of non-compliance, poor management and inadequate control. All of this from Network Rail.
 
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tbtc

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Investment now is running at twice what it was at privatisation

Are we getting value for money on that though?

Spending twice as much sounds good, but the inflated costs on many Network Rail projects makes me think that a *lot* of money is being wasted
 

Old Timer

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Are we getting value for money on that though?

Spending twice as much sounds good, but the inflated costs on many Network Rail projects makes me think that a *lot* of money is being wasted
Enormous sums are being wasted through poor and inadequate design which is procured from the cheapest suppliers, to poor quality specifications.

Poor quality tenders raise more questions than they answer resulting in lots of TQs and much qualification.

Totally inept and unnecessary "project management" is applied when there is no need, and Contracts are awarded on the hub and spoke principle which was demonstrably flawed when first used and continues to create barriers, inefficiencies and destroys inter-company co-operation.

The only purpose of Hub and Spoke is to give "power" to the client organisation to bully its Contractors. Sophisticated cleints run a mile from any suggestion of hub and spoke. The whole process is then overseen by co-ordination teams who simply second-guess the Contractors and create blocks to co-operation. Companies are forbidden to talk to one another as Network Rail and its Projects orgainsation has a total paranoia that the Companies will conspire aginst it. You really couldn't make it up, and if the organisation was a human being it would have been consigned to a highly secure mental institution a long while ago.
 
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