I knew this would come up, but I have studied the population statistics in detail. The boundaries of Manchester are near as much worthless, considering that Salford is considered a distinct city, yet directly borders Manchester city centre. Quoting the population boundary of the city of Manchester is like quoting the population of Manhattan (1 million) as the population of New York(8.4 million).
The two most accurate measurements are urban and metro population. I compared Metro population in the statistics.
Manchester has an urban population of 2,705,000 and a metro population of 3,348,000.
Budapest has an urban population of 2,997,000 and a metro population of 3,011,000.
So the cities are very similar in size. Indeed Birmingham has a metro of 3,683,000 and Leeds has a metro area of 2,638,000. All the cities I quoted as being of similar or smaller size than Manchester were based on their Metro populations, most of which were defined from the same organisation (Eurostat.)
I think the way we measure populations in this country is part of the reason we struggle to actually invest in our regional cities. On a global scale, they are pretty big places, yet we treat them as if they are provincial towns. The urban fabric of Manchester portrays a much more different picture than the population statistics. Even in the slow moving UK housing market, the city is home to around 14 skyscrapers, with some very dense suburbs. Despite covid, the city continues to be one of the fastest growing in Europe. I won't be suprised if an exodus from London sees the arrival of many individuals looking for a more affordable city, that still has a lot to offer in terms of attractions, culture, etc. Considering many of these people will be more familiar with public transportation, and Manchester's continuing struggle with pollution levels, making sure we have an adequate rail solution for the city will be very important. Castlefield is going to represent a major bottleneck for those commuting from areas to the north of the city to the new HS2/(hopefully)NPR hub at Piccadilly, we need to make sure to plan for the services we will require in the future. Whilst COVID seems like a death blow to rail travel, passengers will return when the country reopens. People will continue to travel, perhaps in different patterns before and for different reasons, but make no doubt they will do so. Consider that many are likely now in a situation where they can't afford one, or two, cars and that driving instructors/tests will likely have a massive backlog, public transport is going to be more vital than ever for people to get around once out of lockdown.
If we are to upgrade the physical infrastructure, now if the perfect time to do it. Interest rates are low and the economy is in need of stimulus to get it moving. Almost every single economist is advocating the government injects cash into the economy post-lockdown, to make sure we do not fall into a recession and we maintain a functioning tax base to help pay for services. Injecting cash into infrastructure brings benefits that continue to provide value, even when it comes time to pay the debt. Not moving on Castlefield Package C, a Manc-Bahn system, Metro or the like will be a massive missed opportunity for the city and for the region. The money for package C (£500m) is pretty peanuts in terms of infrastructure, yet it could provide a lot more operational flexibility. It's hard to create an efficient system when you are navigating services through so many bottlenecks, at some point you have to get around to removing them. Perhaps there is some more low hanging fruit, but package C is a pretty juicy orange that is shovel ready and not all that difficult to do.