I imagine the train probably wasn't attached properly in the first place. If it was, the emergency brakes would have been applied.
It would be unusual for several things otherwise to go wrong - a coupler failed; automatic brake failed (although it appears to have worked in the rear unit)
Umm not always, a few years ago a pair of Class 317s split upon departing from Hitchin which is why they as in FCC and GTR took the decision not to leave the interconnecting doors between units open.
Anyway, we shouldn't guess at the reasons why this incident happened as that is the job for professionals such as the RAIB not armchair experts!
isnt there an indicator in the cab to say how many vehicles in the train?
Class 313s on the Great Northern have a sliding indicator which has 3, 6, 9 cars which show any many carriages are in the consist.
The main danger would have been for a following train to have been asked to examine the line, and the driver of that train proceeding at an inappropriate speed
What a load of rubbish!
A driver who is being asked to examine the line does so at a much lower speed, 10mph though tunnels and 20 mph over track defects so seeing as it well might have been a track circuit failure, the signaller will advise the driver of the examining train to proceed at a speed no faster then 20mph in the affected area NOT at linespeed.
So no danger at all!