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MarkyT

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It certainly does, but just to clarify for others, Metro units do not use TPWS.

In fact, apart from the signals, Indusi magnets are also at other 'strategic' locations on the line where TPWS isn't for heavy rail trains.

In addition to train-stop magnets at the signals, do the Metro units use the Indusi overspeed functionality on approach to signals, as found on the German main line implementation, or for enforcing speed limits?

http://www.sh1.org/eisenbahn/rindusi.htm
 
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142094

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In addition to train-stop magnets at the signals, do the Metro units use the Indusi overspeed functionality on approach to signals, as found on the German main line implementation, or for enforcing speed limits?

http://www.sh1.org/eisenbahn/rindusi.htm

Certainly do. On the Sunderland line there are speed magnets that control the Down and Up lines at Sunderland station. On the Up line, the speed limit decreases to 30kph then 20kph from platform 1 to 2. On the Down, the speed limit is slightly different at 30kph then down to 15kph going into platform 3 (due to the fact that a Northern service can be in platform 4 ahead). So going faster than this will bring the track brake down which has to be reset with permission from the signaller. In a way platform 4 is doubly protected as the signal of course will be on red so the Metro would come to a stop if it SPADs the signal in any case.

South Hylton has speed magnets on the approach to the buffer stops and East Boldon has them on the Down for the CCTV crossing. Couple of other odd locations, but usually they are only at signals.

On the Metro system itself there are quite a few locations where there are magnets not associated with signals - mainly at the open level crossings.
 

notadriver

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It seems train speeds on metro / tube systems are more heavily supervised than on heavy rail systems.
 

edwin_m

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It seems train speeds on metro / tube systems are more heavily supervised than on heavy rail systems.

That's always been so.

Train protection is more necessary on metros because the trains usually have more people on board and much of the route is in tunnel, so any collision will be more serious. It is also easier to achieve because all the trains are running at similar speeds with the same good braking characteristics. According to Wikipedia simple mechanical tripcock systems, similar to those traditionally used on the Underground, have been around since 1901.

Heavy rail needs an ATP/ERTMS system to provide equivalent levels of protection.
 

MarkyT

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Heavy rail needs an ATP/ERTMS system to provide equivalent levels of protection.

Or a warning / overspeed / trainstop system like UK AWS / TPWS or indeed the aforementioned Indusi in Germany, first installed in the 1930s, also on heavy rail.

Interestingly Indusi or AWS / TPWS type functionality can now be replicated using ETCS equipment under the new Level 1 'limited supervision' mode. This is being implemented in Switzerland as part of a strategy to fit their entire network by 2017.

http://www.irse.nl/resources/ETCS_LS_IRSE_Wildenrath-V2.pdf
 

edwin_m

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Or a warning / overspeed / trainstop system like UK AWS / TPWS or indeed the aforementioned Indusi in Germany, first installed in the 1930s, also on heavy rail.

Only if every signal is fitted and the overlaps increased, as discussed above for the Sunderland line. The same applies in principle to Indusi as used in Germany, but they may use longer overlaps.

TPWS as generally fitted is reckoned to be about 60% as effective as ATP in terms of accident casualties prevented. Train stop on metros should be 100% effective (barring overspeeds or stop-and-proceed issues) because the overlaps are as long as the braking distance of the trains.
 

MarkyT

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Only if every signal is fitted and the overlaps increased, as discussed above for the Sunderland line. The same applies in principle to Indusi as used in Germany, but they may use longer overlaps.

What I like about Indusi is the enforced slowdown at the distant or yellow, as opposed to than the 'acknowledge and carry on regardless' feature of our UK AWS. This ensures that once a warning is received and acknowledged, the train MUST slow down according to a predefined standard braking curve to a speed where the next transponder, at the overspeed position on final approach to the signal, is guaranteed to catch an out of control train and arrest it within the overlap, which is typically 200m, just as in Britain. Hence in Germany Indusi doesn't need the equivalent of our additional TPWS+ equipment at higher speed junctions, where regular OS and TS doesn't provide sufficient protection.

TPWS as generally fitted is reckoned to be about 60% as effective as ATP in terms of accident casualties prevented. Train stop on metros should be 100% effective (barring overspeeds or stop-and-proceed issues) because the overlaps are as long as the braking distance of the trains.

That figure seems reasonable for TPWS for the risks remaining for following train collisions, the uncontrolled risk of re-acceleration after passing unchecked through an overspeed trip*, and the non fail-safe nature of the system.

* re-acceration is prevented with Indusi where the train remembers it has passed an active overspeed magnet and continues to enforce a speed and braking constraint until a subsequent clear trainstop is passed or a timeout or reset has occurred.

Also whilst Indusi is not entirely fail-safe it is certainly more so than TPWS, more like our AWS in that respect, so a total trackside signalling power failure continues to give 'most restrictive' warnings and alarms that can stop trains. TPWS by contrast always requires trackside power to stop trains.
 

142094

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One thing that the Indusi on the Metro system isn't used for is the enforced slow down at the distant signal or a yellow as you've said happens in Germany. The driver is expected to know from route knowledge when to start braking for the next signal (which most of the time is at the end of the platform at the next station).

Different situation on the Sunderland line where the signal spacing is a lot bigger so a Metro can comfortably be at linespeed passing a single yellow but still slow down in time for the red.
 

edwin_m

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From what I remember Metro only has repeater (distant) signals where there is also a stop signal between stations, and even those may only be if the view of the signal is poor. There is or was one on the northbound line near Osborne Road in Jesmond, where I was once on a train that passed a red and got stopped with the track brakes.

Otherwise there is just a "traffic light" roadsign to remind the driver.
 
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