I seem to recall within the last few years FGW raised the prices of it's London commuter routes considerably (a ways above whatever the headline was supposed to be) whilst lowering the fares (or at least holding them steady) on a number of Cornish routes. All perfectly legimitate as the 'basket' of fare rises on FGW was bang on the increase it was supposed to be.
If I understand your post correctly, you are saying that the 'basket' of fare rises means for example that if there are 500 fares in a particular class or type, then the average price increase is the nominal figure, (maybe 3.5% this year). My issue is that the TOC can meet this rule when they weigh the increases in ticket prices favour of stations with high volumes and balance the increases in prices with below nominal rises at stations with low volumes. In my example, I was assuming that the number of increase(s) from St Albans exactly cancel out those from Radlett, but the fact that St Albans has about 6 times the number of passengers as Radlett, means that the net increase of fare takings of the two stations combined would be about 4.8%, thereby giving the TOC an unearned increase in takings of 2%, which is not what they and the government will be admitting when the prices are announced.
Having read your post again, I think that I may be preaching to the converted, unless you are a TOC shareholder!
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