Trains will often be able to run at low speed on routes they are not cleared for. Part of clearance is kinematic envelope which includes the movement the train body makes on it's suspension. By running at lower speed they will miss things that they might hit at line speed. It's the same as going over a speedhump in a car, go over at reduced speed and you will have no problem, go over too fast and some part of the car will hit the hump or the road. Depending on the static clearance, suspension travel and suspension stiffness the speed at which a car can pass over a hump without touching it or the road will differ. The other thing with both speedhumps and trains is that if you are going slow and anything does hit it won't do as much damage. Kinematic envelope is even a factor in some places where trains are normally cleared for a route. There are some tunnels on the Southern Region where 23m stock such as HSTs, 442s and 444s are restricted to I think 10mph slower due to kinematic envelope. A fairly recent big issue with kinematic envelope was when the DVTs were introduced on the GEML and it was found the part of the bogies (it was either the yaw damper or the steps, or both) would hit some platforms at line speed, so they had to have speed restriction though the effected platforms until either the platform edges were altered.