If I book a journey that involves two trains (say Reading to Church Fenton changing at York), what happens if train 1 arrives late and I miss train 2? I have a ticket for train 2 but can I board the next available train without incurring a penalty? Clearly I would not expect a seat reservation. Do the same rules apply for all Train operators??
There would not be a ticket from York to Church Fenton that is restricted to only one train, because Advance tickets are
(a) Not available on this flow;
(b) Generally not available for flows that are so short; and
(c) Not issued for journeys wholly on Northern trains as Northern do not sell AP tickets.
In addition to this, the trains are non-reservable.
Anyway, assuming you are asking about Advance tickets, the rules regarding delays are as follows:
b) If delays occur while
travelling, they will be
allowed to take the next
available train(s) to complete
their journey.
The question is: Can I combine more than one ticket for one journey? The answer is yes, providing you comply with the restrictions in the National Rail Conditions of Carriage.
A ticket from Reading to York routed EC & Connections would be the same price to Church Fenton. If the routeing is via CrossCountry (known as XC or CC) then it may be cheaper to split (as the XC only tickets are cheaper than XC & Connections)
If two tickets are involved, I would probably accept the second ticket if I have some sort of proof the first ticket actually existed, and was not a convenient excuse for an over-running meeting or similar.
That's quite right; after all it is the combination that is valid for one journey, so if they aren't both provided then that doesn't count.