Eleven residential high-rise buildings in eight local authority areas have been found to be covered in combustible cladding following safety tests.
It comes as tests are being carried out on about 600 high rises across England.
Meanwhile, the BBC has learned that Premier Inn is "extremely concerned" about cladding on three of its hotels.
Cladding is thought to have contributed to the rapid spread of fire at Grenfell Tower, in which at least 79 people are believed to have died.
Until now, safety fears over cladding have centred on council high rises, but concerns appear to reach beyond the housing sector.
Premier Inn has told BBC Newsnight that cladding on its hotels in Maidenhead, Brentford and Tottenham did not appear to comply with government guidance for tall buildings - although it did appear to be a less flammable type than that used at Grenfell Tower.
The hotel chain said an independent expert has assured them that the hotels were safe to stay open given their "robust" safety measures including fire detectors and smoke alarms in every room.
The hotels do not operate a "stay put" policy and have multiple means of escape.
Newsnight's Chris Cook said Premier Inn was just one of a long list of places that could have fire safety issues - and were only singled out by the programme because they responded so quickly and in full to his questions.
The Department for Communities and Local Government has written to all local authority and housing association chief executives to advise them on steps to take if tower blocks in their area are found to be clad in combustible panels.
Communities Secretary Sajid Javid has also written to all MPs saying landlords of the 11 affected buildings have been told to inform their tenants - once done, the areas could be identified to the public.
Only Camden, Manchester and Plymouth are named in his letter, which also says the Army has been assisting with building repairs.
Speaking earlier, the prime minister's spokesman said extra checks by the fire service would determine whether the 11 high-rise buildings found to have combustible cladding were safe and what - if any - action needed to be taken.
He pointed out that a failed cladding test did not necessarily mean a building was unsafe - that would depend on the amount of cladding used and where it was fitted.
Arconic, an engineering and manufacturing company, said one of its products, Reynobond PE (polyethylene) - an aluminium composite material - was "used as one component in the overall cladding system" of Grenfell Tower.
"We will fully support the authorities as they investigate this tragedy," a spokesman for the US-based firm said.
The BBC has established that Reynobond PE was issued a certificate in the UK in 1997 allowing it to be used on high rise buildings. Chancellor Philip Hammond has said he thought the Grenfell cladding was banned in the UK.
An inquiry into whether it did in fact meet fire safety regulations is due to be published by the weekend.
Earlier, footage emerged showing the prime minister being booed after her latest visit to meet residents of Grenfell Tower.
In the video, cries of "shame on you" are heard but Theresa May does not appear to respond as she is ushered into her official car by waiting security officers.
In the wake of the Grenfell Tower tragedy, councils were told to give the government samples of cladding used in their tower blocks for testing.
Cladding is typically fitted to the outside of high-rise buildings to improve insulation and tidy up the appearance of the exterior.
A Downing Street spokeswoman said no-one would be left to live in unsafe buildings.
"They will be rehoused if they need to be and landlords will be asked to provide alternative accommodation where that's possible," she said.
Arnold Tarling, a member of the Association for Specialist Fire Protection, told BBC 5 live that removing combustible cladding around the country could cost "hundreds of millions of pounds".
Tests showed that decorative cladding around Village 135, a tower block in south Manchester, could have been made with the same materials as the Grenfell Tower.
As a result, that cladding would be replaced "as soon as possible so that residents feel reassured", Wythenshawe Housing Group said.
Another of the blocks found to have combustible cladding is on Camden Council's Chalcots estate, in north London.
The panels, found to have been made up of aluminium with a polyethylene core, are now being removed, the council said.
Its leader Georgia Gould said the panels were "not to the standard" that the council had commissioned, and it would be informing the contractor behind the work that they would be taking legal advice.
Three tower blocks in Plymouth have also been found to be clad in combustible panels, local Labour MP Luke Pollard has said.
He is calling for the government to pay for cladding on the Mount Wise buildings to be "urgently" replaced.
John Clark, CEO of Plymouth Community Homes which manages the buildings, said extra fire safety precautions were being introduced after tests showed the cladding was "aluminium coated with a polyethylene core".
Residents' fears in Tottenham high rise
By Jim Reed, BBC Victoria Derbyshire programme
Residents at a 22-storey block of flats in Tottenham, north London, have been sent an email - seen by the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme - saying the building has the same cladding as Grenfell Tower.
Rivers Apartments - which is shared ownership, so classed as social housing - was built just two years ago, with the cladding incorporated as part of the design.
It is understood the block is clad in Reynobond PE, the same brand of cladding believed to have been used on Grenfell Tower.
The programme was told the tower passed all building regulation checks by Haringey Council.
Unlike Grenfell Tower, this block does contain modern safety features, such as a sprinkler system.
Newlon Housing Trust, the housing association that part-owns the block, said it had arranged with the fire service to carry out more checks.
It is still waiting for final test results to confirm it is the most flammable type of cladding.
It says the cladding on the building may have to be replaced.
Grenfell Tower is coming to be seen as a "political symbol of inequality", the BBC's Iain Watson said.
The new Labour MP for Kensington, Emma Dent Coad, told the Commons the "burnt-out carcass" of the tower revealed the "true face" of her constituency, with poverty, malnutrition and overcrowding existing alongside wealth.
In her maiden speech, she criticised people who think social tenants have "no right to live in an area like desirable Kensington", and called for fire service cuts to be reversed.
Mrs May said she expected to name the judge who will lead a public inquiry into the fire within the next few days.
"No stone will be left unturned. For any guilty parties there will be nowhere to hide," she warned.
Since the fire on 14 June, more than £700,000 has been paid out to survivors - none of which will have to be repaid, said Mrs May.
Resources, including healthcare and accommodation, would be available to everyone affected by the fire, regardless of their immigration status, she added.
The fire destroyed 151 homes - most in the tower block itself, but also a number of surrounding properties.
Mrs May said that 164 "suitable properties" had now been found for those made homeless, and they were being checked over before residents can move in.
The 600 figure does not include Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, which have autonomous powers in housing.
The Scottish government and Welsh ministers have said that none of their council high-rise blocks has cladding of the type said to have been used in the Grenfell Tower.
Similarly, there is no evidence of Grenfell Tower-type cladding used on tower blocks managed by the Northern Ireland Housing Executive.
Checks on other high-rise buildings owned by housing associations or private developers in Northern Ireland and Scotland are continuing.
